chapter 3 the nature of language
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lulugirl29 on May 31, 2010
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 language | a collection of symbols goverened by rules and used to convey messages between individuals |
| language characteristics | symbolic rule goverend shapes attitudes names affects credibility affects status |
| types of rule governed language | phonological syntatic semantic pragmatic |
| rules of language differ depending on | person's self concept episode comment occurs percieved relationship cultural background |
| powerless language | hedge hesitation intensifies polite tag question disclaimer |
| powers of language | can breed sexism and racism reflects attitudes of power, affiliation, attraction, interaction |
| convergent language | accomodating one's speaking style to another person, who usually is desirable or has higher status |
| divergent language | a linguistic strategy in which speakers emphasize differences between their communicative style and other's in order to create distance |
| etemology | history of word |
| language can suggest degree of interest toward person object or idea by | demonstrative pronoun negation sequential placement |
| language reveals speaker's willingness to accept responsibility with ---- statements | "it" "I" "but" questions vs statements |
| troublesome language | equivocal language (several meanings) relative words (comparison) sland/jargon (codigy) overly abstract (ladder) behavior descriptions |
| misunderstandings of language | discruptive langauge emotive language evasive language |
| emotive language | contains words that sound as if they're describing something when they are really announcing the speaker's attitue toward something |
| evasive language | langauge used to avoid clear communication euphemism/equivocation |
| disruptive language | confusing or bad linguistic habits that can create struggle in communication -confusing facts and opinions -confusing facts and inferences |
| similarities gender and langague affiliations | men and women discuss similar topics both use to maintain and build relations |
| women ___ same sex convos. Men --- same sex convos | need/like |
| women reasons for communciation | supportive, ask quesitons, nourish, relationships |
| men reasons for communication | accomplish, jobs, interrupt, dominate |
| men conversational style | dynamic, aggressive, strong |
| women conversational style | question, less power, more emotions |
| nongender variables of reasons for communication | profanity is not a use occupation social role sex role |
| verbal intercultural communication | direct - indirect low context (to the point)- high context (wordy) elaborate - succint formal- informal |
| language in a world view | linguistic relativism sapir-whorf hypothesis |
| linguistic relativism | worldview of culture is shaped and reflected by language its members speak |
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