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allusion a reference to a person, place or event meant to create an effect or enhance the meaning of an idea ambiguity a vagueness of meaning: a conscious lack of of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings and interpretation anachronism a person, scene, event, or other element in literature that fails to correspond with the time or era in which the work is set analogy a comparison that points out similarities between two dissimilar things antithesis a rhetorical opposition or contrast of ideas by means of a grammatical arrangement of words, clauses, or sentances aphorism a short pithy statement of a generally accepted truth or sentiment apostrophe a location that addresses a person or personified thing not present archetype an abstract or ideal conception of a type; a perfectly typical example; an original model or form bathos the use of insincere or overdone sentimentality bombast inflated, pretentious language used for trivial subjects cacophony grating, inharmonious sounds caricature a grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons and things conceit a witty or ingenious thought; a diverting or highly fanciful idea, often stated in figurative language connotation the suggested or implied meaning of a word or phrase denotation the dictionary definition of a word diction the choice of words in oral and written discourse ellipsis three periods indicating the omission of words in a thought or quotation epigram a concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement euphony pleasing, harmonious sounds epithet an adjective or phrase that expresses a striking quality of a person or thing euphemism a mild or less negative usage for a harsh or blunt term extended metaphor a series of comparisons between two unlike subjects flashback a return to an earlier time in a story or play in order to clarify present actions or circumsatances foreshadowing providing hints of things to come in a story or play hyperbole overstatement; gross exaggeration for rhetorical effect image a word or phrase representing that which can be see, touched, tasted, smelled, or felt invective a direct verbal assault; a denunciation irony a mode of expression in which the intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated, often implying ridicule or light sarcasm; a state of affairs or events that is the reverse of what might have been expected