| Term | Definition |
| metaphor | a direct comparison between two unlike things |
| hyperbole | a major exaggeration |
| setting | the time and and place of a story that affects the mood |
| onomatopoeia | words that imitate sounds |
| exposition | introduction to the characters, setting, and basic situation |
| static character | a character who stays the same |
| theme | the universal truth about life; the main idea; the moral |
| personification | nonhumans that are given human traits |
| character | a participant in the story |
| plot | a sequences of events in a story |
| simile | a comparison between two seemingly unlike things using like or as |
| round character | a character who has many personality traits revealed about them |
| flat character | a one-dimensional character |
| dynamic character | a character that changes |
| allusion | a reference to something well known and famous |
| conflict | the struggle between opposing forces |
| dialogue | conversation between characters, It reveals character and advances the action |
| monologue | a speech by one character in a play |
| soliloquy | a long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on a stage. the audience senses they are overhearing a character talk to himself or herself. |
| figurative language | can include such examples as: irony, simile, metaphor, hyperbole. |
| stage directions | dramatist's instructions, describing how the work is to be performed or staged |
| symbol | something that means more than what it is; suggests another meaning other than its literal one |
| archetype | characters, images and themes that symbolically embody universal meanings and basic human experiences, regardless of the setting or situation. |
| foil character | a character who is contrasted with another character |