Cross cultural psychology chapter 4
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 accommodation | changing ones understanding of the world to accomodate ideas that conflic with existing concepts |
| ambivalent attachment | Goes back and forth between seeking and shunning the mothers attention. Mothers are insensitive and less invovled |
| animism | The belief that all things, including inanimate objects are alive |
| assimilation | Fitting new ideas into a preeexisting understanding of the world |
| attachment | The bond that develops between the infant and the caregiver. |
| avoidant attachment | Children shun their mothers, who are suspected of being intrusive and overstimulating |
| centration | The tendency to focus on a single aspect of a problem |
| cognitive development | Studies how thinking skills develop over time. The major theory of cognitive development is that of Piaget |
| conservation | an awarness that physical quantities remain the same even when they change shape or appearance |
| conventional morality | 2nd stage in Kohlberg's theory, emphasizing conformity to rules that are defined by others approval or societys rules |
| difficult temperament | intense, irregular, withdrawing, style that is generally marked by negative moods |
| easy temperament | a very regular, adaptable, midly intense style of behavior that is positive and responsive |
| egocentrism | inability to step into anothers shoes and understand the others point of view |
| goodness of fit | interaction of a child's temperament with that of the parents. a key to the development of personality |
| great divide theory | Theory that suggests that the thought of westerners is superior to that of people who live in primitive societies |
| irreversibility | the inability to imagine undoing a process |
| postconventional morality | 3rd stage in Kohlbergs theory emphasizing moral reasoning on the basis of individual principles and conscience |
| preconventional morality | 1st stage in Kohlbergs theory emphasizing compliance with rules to avoid punishment and gain rewards |
| secure attachment | infants are described as warm and responsive to their caregiver |
| slow-to-warm-up | type of temperament in which infants need time to make transitions activity and experiences. Withdrawn intially, given time they will adapt and react positively |
| Temperament | Qualities of responsiveness to the enivorment that exist from birth and evoke different reactions from people in the babys world |
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