Nephrotic Syndrome - First Aid
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7 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Nephrotic presentation | Proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), hyperlipidemia, fatty casts, edema, associated with thromboembolism (loss of ATIII), increased risk of infection (loss of immunoglobulins), podocyte effacement |
| Membranous glomerulonephritis | diffuse capillary and GM thickening, most common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome, EM- "spike and dome appearance" - subepithelial Ig3 and C3 deposits on silver stain, caused by captopril, infection - Hep B, malaria, syphillis, cancer |
| Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis) | most common in children, after recent infection or immune stimulus, LM - normal glomeruli, EM - foot process effacement, selective loss of negative charge --> lose albumin not globbulins |
| Amyloidosis | seen with multiple myeloma, chronic conditions, TB, RA, LM - apple-green birefrigence |
| Diabetic glomerulonephropathy | nonenzymatic glycosylation of GM - increase permeability, thickening, efferent arterior hyalinization --> increased GFR, mesangial expansion, Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion, nodular glomerulosclerosis |
| Focal segment glomerulosclerosis | HIV patients, LM - segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis, IV drug users |
| Membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis | Type 1 - "tram-track" appearance from GBM splitting from mesangial ingrowth. subendothelial immune complex with granular immunoflouresence, in HCV, Type 2 - dense deposits, autoantibody C3 activation - low C3 levels |
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