Renaissance
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Created by:
carstensenp on June 11, 2010
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Counter-Reformation | catholic church's attempt to stop the protestant movement and to strengthen the Catholic Church |
| Copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543). This brought great anger to those who thought the earth was the center. |
| Geocentric | model of the universe that was based on the assumption that all the planets orbit Earth. |
| Galileo | Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642) |
| Isaac Newton | English Scientist. 3 Laws of motion. Mathematics Principal of Natural Philosophy (1687). |
| Francis Bacon | (1561-1626) English politician, writer. Formalized the empirical method. Novum Organum. Inductive reasoning. |
| Mapmaking | The making of maps by skilled cartographers who study the land. |
| Compass | an instrument used to find direction |
| Commercial Revolution | the expansion of trade and business that transformed European economies. |
| Joint-stock companies | an association of individuals in a business enterprise with transferable shares of stock, much like a corporation except that stockholders are liable for the debts of the business. |
| Mercantilism | the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys. |
| Colonization | the movement of settlers and their culture to a new country. |
| Tariff | a tax on imported goods. |
| Columbus | This was the man who discovered Americas while originally looking for a faster and all-sea route to the East but instead landed in the West Indies. |
| Magellan | He did not actually go around the world because he was killed in a battle in the Philippines, but still gets the credit. |
| De Gama | This man sailed from Portugal around Africa to India. |
| Slave Trade | The business of capturing, transporting, and selling people as slaves. |
| Middle Passage | a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies. |
| Printing Press | 15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information which in turn affected the speed of the spread of information itself. |
| Scientific Method | A research method whereby a problem is identified, a hypothesis stated, and hypothesis is tested. |
| Henry VIII | English king that left the catholic church and started the Church of England. |
| Heliocentric Theory | Sun is the center of the universe. Coperican |
| Humanists | philosophers who believe that people are important. |
| Machiavelli | Renaissance writer who wrote the book "The Prince". |
| Raphael | Italian painter whose many paintings exemplify the ideals of the High Renaissance (1483-1520). |
| Shakespeare | English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616). |
| Martin Luther | 95 Thesis, posted in 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. Claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion. |
| Indulgences | fee paid to church to guarantee you less time in purgatory |
| Reformation | movement beginning in 1517 that broke up unity of church and created the new branch of christianity called protestantism |
| Perspective | relating to art, the way things look when they are close or far away |
| Renaissance Art | art which shows figures both religious or non-religious, more realistic, emphasis on nature, three dimensional with perspective, people are active and show great emotion |
| Scientific Revolution | era in europe of great scientific thought where new and in depth observation of the natural world was made and previously accepted beliefs were questioned |
| John Calvin | French theological thinker. Developed the Christian theology known as Calvinism. Attracted Protestant followers with his teachings. |
| 95 Theses | Arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church. They were posted on Octobe 31, 1517. |
| Anglican Church | Church of England and churches in other nations that are in complete agreement with it as to doctrine and discipline |
| Protestantism | The beliefs of Christians who opposed, or protested against, the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s |
| Lutheranism | Religion created by Martin Luther he believed in justification by faith |
| Great Schism | A period of division within the Catholic Church in which there was a pope and an antipope |
| Predestination | the belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by some higher power |
| Theocracy | government run by religious leaders |
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