Chpt 28 IV therapy
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Created by:
nursingtrio on June 14, 2010
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104 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 every 24 hours | How often are IV containers changed |
| glass or plastic systems | What types of infusion systems are there |
| the IV tubing would be clamped below the drip chamber, the old bag would be brought down and disconnected, the new bag (the tubing also if it is due to be changed) would be respiked or rehung | How do you change a keep-open or slow rate IV container |
| partial vacuum and require air vents | What do glass bottles require |
| inert, very clear (fluid level is more accurately read) | Advantages of a glass bottle system |
| breakage, storage difficulties, rigidity, difficult disposal, made with mixed materials that could cause imcompatibilities with fluids or additives, potential for coring exists due to the rubber bung (stopper) when the administration set is inserted | Disadvantages of the glass bottle system |
| air enters through a plastic tube in the container and collects in the air space in the bottle allowing for displacement of the solution | How does air enter into an open glass system |
| air is filtered into the container via vented tubing to allow air into the container | How does air enter into a closed glass system |
| 90% to 95% of the time | How often are plastic IV containers used |
| *requires a vented infusion set | *Glass Iv containers require what kind of set |
| Glass IV containers not Plastic | What type of system needs air to replace fluid flowing from the container |
| create no vacuum, flexible, collapsible, closed system, lightweight, easy to store, made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | What are the advantages of a Plastic IV system |
| either vented or nonvented administration set | what type of administration set is needed for Plastic IV bags |
| difficult to determine fluid levels, it can be punctured easily, not completely inert because it is made up of plasticizers | What are the disadvantages of a plastic IV set |
| they are not completely inert and the ink could be absorbed into the plastic | Why should you never write on the plastic bag IV system |
| primary or macrodrip set and the pediatric or microdrip | What are the most commonly used administration sets |
| to deliver fluid to the client | What are administration sets for all containers needed for |
| macrodrip | What is another name for the primary drip set |
| microdrip | What is another name for the primary drip set |
| buretrols and burettes | What is used in the pediatric setting to deliver the precise amount of fluid and prevent fluid overload |
| to deliver a precise amount of fluid and prevent fluid overload | What are buretrols and burettes used for |
| basic administration sets used for infusion of primary parenteral fluids | What are primary container sets used for |
| they vary according to the manufacturer | how are the drop factors of commercial sets determined |
| 10 to 20 gtt/ml | What is the macrodrip set ranges |
| the drops in the macrodrip are fewer in number but bigger in size | How are the macrodrip drops compared to the microdrip drops |
| larger | Are the macrodrip sets larger or smaller than the microdrip |
| fewer | Are the drops in the macrodrip fewer or more than the microdrip |
| bigger | Are the drops in the macrodrip set bigger or smaller than the microdrip set |
| the drops in the microdrip set are smaller so more drips are needed to release an equivalent amount | How are the microdrip drops compared to the macrodrip drops |
| piggyback set | What is a secondary administration set called |
| volume (meter or burette) controlled set | What is another name for a piggyback set |
| secondary administration set | What is the set called when it is piggybacked |
| allows fast fluid infusion, fluid resuscitation, and fluid boluses | Whare are the advantages to a macrodrip |
| potential for fluid overload, difficult to titrate | What are the disadvantages to a macrodrip |
| easy to titrate, avoids fluid overload | What are the advantages to a Micro-drip |
| does not allow for resuscitation or a fluid bolus | What are the disadvantages to a micro-drip |
| every 72 hours or immediately upone suspected contamination or compromise of product or system | How often must a primary and secondary continuous administration set be changed in accordance to JAHCO/OSHA |
| most have a macrodrip | What is the main type of administration set for a secondary infusion set (piggyback) |
| frequently and at least once an hour | How often should you check an IV burette set or buretrol |
| when there is an increased rate of cannula-related infections occuring | When should the organization revert to a 48 hour administration set change |
| 48 hours but check the facility policy | How often do most hospitals change the administration sets |
| spike/piercing pin | Sharp plastic end designed to be inserted into the IV fluid container |
| to the flange, drop orifice, and drip chamber | where is the spike/piercing pin connected |
| flange | Plastic guard that assists in protecting against contamination upon insertion of the spike |
| drop orifice | The size and shape of the opening that determines the drop factor |
| drip chamber | a flexible clear plastic tube that encloses the drop orifice and is connected to the tubing |
| tubing | It is long (66-100 in.) for primary and shorter (28-42 in.) for secondary tubing |
| 66-100 in | How long is the long tubing |
| 28-42 in | How long is the horter tubing for secondary tubing |
| clamp | a control device that compresses the tubing wall |
| slide, roller, or screw | What are the most common types of clamps |
| slide clamp | Which clamp is the least precise when determining fluid control |
| Injection port or medication port | Access point into the tubing |
| medication administration | What are injection ports used for |
| smaller guage needles | What needle guage size is recommended to ensure resealing of the injection port |
| check valve | Allows the main IV solution to continue after a secondary solution (IVPB, intravenous piggyback) has infused |
| Hub | An adaptor that connects the adminstration set to the IV catheter or needleless system |
| male Luer Lock | What is another name for a hub |
| filter | Removes foreign particulate from the solution |
| some are on the administration set or it can be added | How is the filter come or put on the administration set |
| 0.22 micron filter | What size filter is adequate for bacterial/particulate reduction |
| to change the IV tubing away from the insertion site to decrease risk of contamination | Why should the extension tubing be used when changing the IV tubing |
| to change the tubing away from the insertion site and to stabilize the device | Why is an IV loop used when changing the IV tubing |
| simultaneous adminstration of fluids and drugs and eliminates the need for insertion of a second venipuncture device | What is a T-connector useful for |
| y-shaped or straight single tubing | How does blood administration sets come |
| allows for infusion of 0.9% normal saline to be infused before and after each blood product infusion | Why do you need the Y tubing for blood administration sets |
| inline filter | What type of filter does blood administration sets come with |
| 170 to 260 microns | What is the minimum pore size of the inline filter of blood administration sets |
| microaggregate blood filters | What type of filters can be added to a blood administration set and can be inline |
| for blood that has been stored longer than 5 days and when administering multiple units; check with the facility policy | What are microaggregate blood filters recommended for |
| scalp vein needles (butterfly needles) and over-the-needle catherters (ONCs) | What are the types of peripheral infusion devices |
| smallest gauge and shortest length possible to accommodate the necessary therapy | How should a cannula be selected |
| radiopaque material so they are visible to x-rays in case they break off | What type of material are cannulas made of and why |
| 18 to 20 is good most of the time | What size cannula is best |
| in 1656 he used a quill and bladder to inject opium into dogs and humans | Who is Sir christopher Wren |
| for shorter term therapy | when is it best to use scalp vein (butterfly) needles used |
| 17, 19, 21, 23, 25 | What are the guage sizes of butterfly/scalp vein needles |
| 0.5 to 1.0 in. | What are the lengths of butterfly/scalp vein needles |
| 3 to 12 in. | What length of the plastic tubing that extends from the wings of butterfly/scalp needles |
| single dose therapy, blood withdrawal, clients who are allergic to nylon or Teflon, infants, children, elderly, adults with small veins | When would a butterfly needle be a good choice for use |
| because they are stainless steel and inflexible which may lead to easy needle displacment, increased risk of of contamination with a stainless steel needle | What are the drawbacks to a butterfly/scalp vein needle |
| long term peripheral infusion therapy for the delivery of viscous fluids (i.e. blood) | When is an over-the-needle catherter or ONC used |
| 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 at the smallest | What are the needle guage sizes of ONC |
| 0.5 to 2 inches | What are the needle lengths of ONC |
| stylet | what is the point of the needle called |
| flexible, longer patency than a steel needle, lower infiltration rate, easy to insert, radiopaque | What are the advantages of ONC |
| phlebitis, cannula damage, hard to secure (catheters with wings are easily taped) | What are the risks of ONC |
| multiple trauma, heart surgery, transplants | 14-16 Guide to use ONC |
| major surgery or trauma and blood administration | 18 guide to use ONC |
| minor surgery or trauma and blood administration | 16 guide to use ONC |
| pediatric clients, clients with small veins, for platelets and plasma (avoid this small guage with packed RBCs, whole blood, and antibiotics) | 22.24 guide to use ONC |
| long term IV therapy access | Why were central line devices developed |
| increase client comfort and to decrease complications associated with numerous IV therapy needs | What are central line devices designed for |
| subclavian vein or the internal jugular vein | where is the central line catheter inserted |
| in the superior vena cava or in the right atruim | Where is the catheter tip of the central line device positioned |
| centrally placed percutaneous catheters, central venous tunneled catheters, implanted ports, PICC | What is another name for central line devices |
| subclavian, femoral, or jugular | Sometimes central line devices are commonly referred to by sites. What are they |
| groshong, hickman, broviac | What are names for central venous tunneled catherters |
| medi-port, port-a-cath, infuse-a-port | What are names for implanted ports |
| peripherally inserted central catheter PICC | What is a fourth type of catheter |
| a trained RN and used for acute, long term, and home care settings | Who can insert a PICC line and what is it used for |
| double or triple lumens (openings for access) but can have a single lumen and as many as four | What types of lumens are on central catheters |
| change the site dressing on a central line, PICC line, or midline catheter | What can the certified in IV therapy LPN fo for a central line, PICC line or midline catherter |
| used for delivery of TPN, blood, large volumes, longer term or viscous infusions | What are central line devices used for |
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