1.
Alfred Wegner: came up with the theory that the continents slowly moved across Earth's surface
2.
Cinder Cone Volcano: volcano made up of only cinders
3.
Composite Volcano: volcano made up of cinders and lava
4.
Compression: when rock moves towards each other, causes a reverse fault
5.
Conduction: the direct transfer of heat from one object to another
6.
Convection: transfer of heat through a liquid
7.
Convergent Boundary: plates move toward each other, colliding
8.
Crest: the top part of a wave
9.
Divergent Boundary: plates move away from each other (seafloor spreading)
10.
Electromagnetic Spectrum: radio, microwave, infared, visible, ultra-violet, x-ray, gamma ray
11.
Epicenter: to point on the surface that is directly above the focus
12.
Equinox: happens 2 times a year when day and night are the same length
13.
Focus: the point in the crust where the rock breaks during an earthquake
14.
Igneous Rock: rock formed by hardened lava
15.
Lava: magma after it comes out of a volcano
16.
Layers of the Earth: inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
17.
Liquefaction: occurs when violent shaking turns loose soil into mud, can trigger mudslides or allow roads and buildings to sink
18.
Lunar Eclipse: blocking of sunlight to the moon when Earth is in-between the moon and sun
19.
Magma: underground lava
20.
Mercalli Scale: measures intensity and damages
21.
Metamorphic Rock: rock changed by heat and pressure
22.
Opaque: letting no light through
23.
P-waves: 1st to arrive, move in a back and forth motion, fastest
24.
Pangaea: a super continent- name of the ancient landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents
25.
Pillow Lava: Lava that cools underwater
26.
Radiation: heat that is transferred in the form of waves
27.
Reason for the seasons: tilt of the earth
28.
Reflection: the mirror reflection of light
29.
Refraction: the bending of light
30.
Revolution: earths movement around the sun
31.
Richter Scale: measures magnitude and the totoal energy released
32.
Ring Of Fire: many volcanoes located in the Pacific Ocean
33.
Rotation: the earth moving around its axis
34.
S-waves: 2nd to arivee, move in a side to side motion
35.
Sea-Floor Spreading: process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor
36.
Sedimentary Rock: rocks with tiny sediments in it
37.
Seismograph: detects all of the seismic waves
38.
Shearing: when rocks slide past each other in opposite directions, causes a strike-slip fault
39.
Shield Volcano: volcano made up of only lava
40.
Solar Eclipse: when the moon passes between the sun and the earth, and casts a shadow over half of the earth
41.
Solstice: happens 2 times a year when the sun is is the farthest away from the equator
42.
Subduction: the process in which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
43.
Surface Wave: cause the most destruction, slowest waves
44.
Tension: when rock moves away form each other, causes a normal fault
45.
Tides: types: high, low, spring, neap
46.
Transform Boundary: plates slide past each other in opposite directions
47.
Translucent: letting some light through
48.
Transparent: letting light through
49.
Trough: the bottom part of a wave
50.
Vortex: the center of a volcano
51.
Wavelength: the distance between two waves
