End of the Year Review (American History)
About this set
Created by:
supah on April 16, 2008
Subjects:
mrlickteig, ushistory, kshistory
Description:
End of the Year Review
Mr. Lickteig
Fort Riley Middle School
Fort Riley, KS
Classes:
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114 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 14th amendment | gave voting rights to African-American men |
| due process | regular use of law, used to guarantee legal rights to each person (right to confront your accuser, right to a speedy trial, etc.) |
| juvenile | dealing with young persons |
| Bill of Rights | the first 10 amendements of the Constitution, used to grant freedoms to each citizen |
| suffrage | the movement to allow voting rights for different groups of people |
| Wyandotte Constitution | the constitution we use in KS today, outlawed slavery |
| LeCompton Constitution | one of the four constitutions being considered at the time KS was becoming a state, allowed slavery |
| schools | a service provided by local governments in KS |
| tariff | tax on an imported good |
| decreases | if the value of the US dollar ___________ compared to the Japanese yen, then Japanese goods sold in the US will be more expensive. |
| increases | If the price of something _______________, the amount of that item sold decreases. |
| opportunity cost | what you give up to get something, economics |
| cost of the bike | If you decide between buying a bike or a skateboard, and you pick the skateboard, what was your opportunity cost? |
| trade-off | the exchange of one thing for another of more or less equal value, esp. to effect a compromise |
| scarcity | insufficiency or shortness of supply |
| climates | the weather of a place over a period of time |
| physical geography | dealing with the landforms and terrain of a certain place |
| coasts | deltas, tidelands, and peninsulas are physical characteristics of this geographic region |
| outsourcing | to obtain goods or services from an outside source: U.S. companies who outsource from China |
| NAFTA | an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994, allowed for free trade between the countries |
| imports | bringing something IN to a country, buying |
| exports | sending something OUT of the country, selling |
| sweatshop | a shop employing workers at low wages, for long hours, and under poor conditions |
| lower price of labor | the reason why outsourcing is becoming common to American businesses |
| levee | an embankment designed to prevent the flooding of a river |
| missionaries | a group of persons sent by a church to carry on religious work, esp. evangelization in foreign lands, and often to establish schools, hospitals, etc. |
| assimilation | The process by which a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group: "Waves of immigrants have been assimilated into the American culture." |
| Oregon Trail | a trail used for IMMIGRANTS moving to lands in the west |
| Santa Fe Trail | a trail used for ECONOMIC and TRADE in the west |
| climate change | the reason why many Native Americans died after being relocated to Kansas |
| relocation | the process of moving Native Americans from lands in the east to less desirable lands in the midwest |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | Passed in 1854, created popular soveriegnty, allowing people to vote whether to be a slave or free state |
| popular sovereignty | the idea that people should be allowed to vote on the issue of slavery in their new state |
| Stephan Douglas | writer of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, wanted to build the railroad through the North and gave up the Missouri Compromise Line |
| Missouri Compromise | Allowed two states to join the US, created a line that said no slavery north of it |
| bushwhackers | Confederate guerrillas who came from Missouri to carry out raids in KS |
| jayhawker | an anti-slavery person living in Kansas |
| Homestead Act | a special act of Congress (1862) that made public lands in the West available to settlers without payment, usually in lots of 160 acres, to be used as farms. (as long as people could IMPROVE the land) |
| railroads | the most important technology and business in the mid-1800s, owned a lot of land in Kansas |
| depleting buffalo | strategy used by the United States to destroy the Native Americans |
| Medicine Lodge Treaty | peace agreement between the US and different Native American tribes; Native Americans agreed to move to reservations |
| Indian Wars | wars between white settlers and Natives |
| Cattle trails | used to transport livestock from summer grazing areas in Texas to the railroads in Kansas |
| seizure of tribal lands | During the late 1800s in KS, this action by white settlers with support of the US Army led to increased conflict with American Indians |
| Exodusters | poor freed slaves from the Deep South that moved to Kansas to create a new way of life |
| Nicodemus | a town created by African-Americans in western Kansas after migrating away from the south |
| Reconstruction | the phase the US went through after the Civil War trying to rebuild the country |
| Benjamin "Pap" Singleton | man who encouraged African Americans to move to Kansas |
| Gilded Age | in the US, a period c 1870 to 1898 (or World War I), which was marked by the growth of industry and wealth which supported materialism and political corruption, coined by Mark Twain |
| Progressivism | the movement to improve the life of average Americans in 1880-1920, included Temperance, Suffrage, Worker's Rights, Child Labor Laws |
| railroad shipping costs | one of the major reasons Kansas farmers supported the Populist movement was because they were upset about increasing ________________- |
| Populism | a grassroots movement, supported mostly by farmers in KS |
| William Allen White | famous writer from Emporia, was a Progressive and worked to destroy the KKK, also wrote "What's the Matter with Kansas?" |
| William Jennings Bryan | man who ran for president as a Populist |
| Fred Harvey | created restaurants along the railroad line, complete with waitresses and hotels |
| soil conservation | new techniques to help stop the spread of the Dust Bowl |
| stubble mulching | the process of leaving the stalk of a plant in the ground after harvesting, used to prevent soil erosion |
| drought | long periods of time without rain |
| Great Depression | time from 1930-1940 in which the US economy was down and unemployment was very high |
| 2/3 | Congress may propose an amendment to the constitution with a _____________ vote |
| amendment | changes to the constitution |
| Bill of Rights | the first 10 amendments of the Constitution |
| Article V | section of the Constitution that deals with how the constitution can be changed with amendments |
| state legislatures | With a two-thirds majority vote in both houses, Congress may propose an amendment to the US Constitution, which must then be approved by three-fourths of the _____________________ |
| veto | when the president rejects a bill |
| override | the process of passing over a president's veto by Congress |
| Thomas Paine | author of "Common Sense", a book that helped encourage people to use the Constitution |
| Magna Carta | one of the first forms of Democracy, passed in 1215 in England, limited the power of the King |
| Federalist papers | a group of documents written by James Madison that encouraged people to SUPPORT the Constitution |
| Mayflower Compact | the pilgrims wrote this document to help establish a social contract (or set of rules) for their new colony |
| supply and demand | the basics of economics, determines the price of goods |
| cotton | the most important crop in the south before the Civil War |
| gold | this caused a rush to California in 1849, creating boom towns over-night |
| monopoly | when one business controls all production of a good and can set their own prices |
| Industrial Revolution | during the 1800s, the US began building factories and providing mechanical jobs to immigrants |
| cotton gin | this invention DECREASED the cost of producting cotton |
| union | a group of people that works together to improve the rights of worker's of a certain industry |
| push-pull factors | these cause people to either GO or LEAVE a certain area, used in determining immigration |
| high wages | if a business wanted to expand its workforce, ________________ would attract new employees |
| strike | refusing to work your job until you are paid more or offered better incentives |
| immigration | the act of people coming IN to a country |
| emmigration | the act of people LEAVING a country |
| eminent domain | the power of a government to take private property for public use |
| rural | people living outside of cities |
| urban | living in the middle of a city, downtown |
| suburban | living in towns on the outskirts of a major city |
| agriculture | as manufactoring became a bigger industry, there were less people working in ______________ |
| Jim Crow laws | laws that legalized segregation in the South during Reconstruction |
| judicial branch | this group interperts the law |
| executive branch | this group enforces the law |
| legislative branch | this group makes the law |
| Congress | the group of people who make up the Legislative Branch |
| Thomas Jefferson | author of the Declaration of Independence |
| Declaration of Independence | document that contains the words: "We the People" |
| President | head of the Executive Branch |
| Supreme Court | head of the Judicial Branch |
| Marshall | supreme court justice to increased the power of the Supreme Court |
| Marbury v. Madison | the trial which established the concept of judicial review |
| judicial review | the power of the Supreme Court to declare acts of congress unconstitutional |
| Alien & Sedition Acts | law that gave John Adams (the president) the power to kick any immigrant out of the country for talking negatively about the government; limited free speech |
| Jefferson | president who purchased the Louisiana Purchase |
| Articles of Confederation | the laws the United States followed BEFORE the Constitution |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the United States should strech from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific |
| Mexican-American War | this war was caused by: Manifest Destiny, the Texas Revolution, the dispute over the Texas border, and the annexation of Texas by the US |
| annexation | the process of adding new states to the United States |
| Eli Whitney | inventor of the cotton gin |
| Robert Fulton | inventor of the steam boat |
| textile mills | the first forms of factories in the New England states, created cloth items |
| canals | man-made water ways that connected rivers to each other |
| interchangeable parts | making peices of an item all the same so they can be replaced if broken |
| mass production | the process of making a lot of the same item at a time, instead of one at a time |
| lower | the development of interchangeable parts meant __________ prices on goods |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | book written by Harriett Beecher Stowe to encourage people to join the abolitionist movement |
| Bleeding Kansas | conflict in Kansas from 1850 to 1858 with a lot of violence |
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