bacterial pathogenesis
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Created by:
hbtan on June 23, 2010
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Gotta STUDY, year 2 pharmacology, anatomy, physiology...
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Example of an bacteria with pili assisted adhesion | Enterotoxigenic E Coli |
| Example bacteria with non-pili/fibrae assited adhesion (2) | bordetella pertussus, bartonella spp (henselae/elizabethae) |
| Bacteria with zipper mechanism entry (3) | LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES, yersina, neisseria |
| Bacteria with trigger mechanism entry (2) | Shigella spp, salmonella spp --> T3SS |
| Bacteria with T3SS needle | Shigella flexneri |
| Bacteria that kill phagocytes and their mechanism (2) | Staph aureus (haemolysin), Salmonella typhimurium (induced apoptosis) |
| Bacteria that prevent oponisation | Staph aureus --> prevent complement binding by coating with host protein (protein A) |
| Bacteria that inhibit phagolysosome fusion | Salmonella typhimurium |
| Bacteria that escapt into cytoplasm | shigella spp |
| bacteria that produces antioxidants or inhibit respiratory burst | salmonella typhiumuirum |
| Bacteria that prefer in intralysosomal niche | coxiella burnetti |
| Bacteria that prefer intravaculolar niche | salmonella typhimurim |
| Bacteria that prefer cytosolic niche (2) | Shigella, listeria |
| Common causes of endotoxic shock (3) | gram negatives only! E coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, neisseria meningitidis |
| Host cytokines released after endotoxin binds to host cell surface | TNF-a, IL-1, IL-6 |
| Virulence factor of lipopolysaccharide in gram neg membrane? | O antigen |
| consequences of loss of core polysaccharide in bacterial membrane? | bacteria sensitive to hydrophobic components |
| Active endotoxic component of LPS membrane in gram neg bacteria? | Protein A |
| Consequences of lipid A mutant? and exception? | organism not viable (lipid A required for membrane structure), except neisseria |
| Causes of exotoxins | gram pos and neg, toxin is secreted |
| 2 main mechanisms of exotoxins | 1. acts DIRECTLY on cell surface 2. Modification of intracellular target molecules (most common) |
| 2 types of exotoxins that act directly on cell surface | 1. phospholipases 2. pore-forming toxins |
| Example of phospholipase exotoxin and bacteria which cause it | alpha toxin - clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene) |
| Mechanism of phospholipase exotoxin | enzymic activity, hydrolyses phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin |
| 2 classes of pore-forming toxins and examples | 1. large pore -> perfringolysin O, listeriolysin O 2. small pore -> Staph aureus (alphatoxin and leukotoxin) |
| AB toxin | most common exotoxin, modifies intracellular target molecules, possess and A/B structure |
| A -portion of AB exotoxin | ezymic activity, modifies specific intracellular target |
| B-portion of AB exotoxin | binding of toxin to cell membrane, translocation of A-portion into cell |
| example of simple AB exotoxin | diptheria toxin |
| example of compoud AB exotoxin | cholera toxin (vibrio cholerae) |
| Mechanism of diptheria toxin | simple AB exotoxin, A-portion has ADP-ribosyl transferase activity, specifically targets EF2 which is essential for protein synthesis |
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