Adrenergic drugs
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Epinephrine (Adrenaline) | Multireceptor adrenergic medication 1. stimulates A1, A2, and B2 receptors 2. IM for anaphylaxis/hypersensitivity 3. IV for BP increase |
| Epinephrine indications | 1. bronchial asthma 2. anaphylactic shock 3. adjunct w/ local anesthetics 4. hemostatic agent to reduce bleeding 5. used in glaucoma treatment 6. cardiac arrest |
| Epinephrine Side effects | 1. inc BP 2. tachycardia 3. chills, fever, seizures Overdose: CVA, Tacharrhythmias, MI |
| Epinephrine interactions | 1. General anesthetics - sensitive heart for dysrhythmias, or digitalis glycosides 2. Local Anesthetics: when used in end artery areas, may cuase ischemia & gangrene 3. MAOIs: Dysrhythmias, tachycardia, HTN 4. Cocaine 5. AntiDs |
| Indirect and Mixed acting | 1. Amphetamine (Adderall, Concerta): - stimulates A1 and B1 receptors - oral is for tx of ADD 2. ephedrine (Pretz-D) stimulates A and B receptors derived from Ma-Huang Plant sold in OTC weight loss supplements |
| Phenylephrine | (Neo-synesphrine) pure A1 agonist, used parenterally or topically causes vasoconstriction and inc BP |
| Phenylephrine indications | 1. hypotension 2. prolonged local anesthetic action 3. mydriatic, decongestant and hemostatic actions |
| Phenylephrine random $#!t woolley wrote | CI: closed angle glaucoma reflex bradycardia after injection of phenylephrine is dangerous in patients with bradycardia, AV block or PVD phenylephrine decreases insulin secretion in DM, cuases urinary retention in males with prostatic hypertrophy |
| alpha-Adreneric medication | Clonidine (Catapres) alpha 2 stimulating agent oral and topical for patients with hypertension used for tics, tourettes ... |
| alpha-Adrenergic blocker prototype | Prazosin ACTION - vasodilator to dec peripheral resistance USED to treat HTN, used with Bblockers and/or a diuretic, prostatic obstruction, Raynaud's vasospasm, refractor CHF POSTURAL hypotension can occur |
| alpha-Blockers | 1. Doxazosin (Cardura) 2. Prazosin (minipress) 3. Terazosin (Hytrin) used via oral route to control urinary frequency, decreases bladder muscle tone |
| alpha 1 a blocker | 1. alfuzosin (Uroxotral) 2. tamsulosin (flomax) SPECIFICALLy targets alpha 1 a receptor minimizing postural hypotension risk |
| beta-adrenergic medications | 1. albuterol (proair) 2. Salmeterol (Serevent) 3. Fomoterol (Foradil) [beta 2 stimulating agent, inhalation for COPD) |
| Isoproterenol | 1. non-selective beta receptor agonist 2. potent bronchodilator and vasodilator 3. inc cardiac contractile force, cardiac conduction, cardiac automaticity INDICATIONS cardiogenic shock or managing bradycardia SIDE FX ADVRX, CI'd: CNS stimulation, tachycardia, exacerbation of angina; increases hyperglcemia in DM |
| Dopamine | used to treat shock, increase BP acts on DA receptors as well as a1 and b2 receptors increases CO (cardiac output) but has little effect on peripheral resistance, also increases blood flow to kidneys can cause peripheral vasoconstriction, angina, or cardiac arrhythmias |
| Fenoldopam | dopamine receptor type 1 agonist used to treat HTN causes vasodilation in the kidneys leading to decrease in BP use caution with b-blockers and other antihypertensive drugs CI'd for pts with allergies to sulfites can raise intraocular pressure, monitor eye pressure for glaucoma |
| b-adrenergic blockers | propranolol (Inderol) prototypic beta blocker, non-selective most approved uses of any b-blocker but other drugs are more selective |
| effects of propranolol | slows the heart (b1 block) inc bronchoconstriction and dec blood sugar (b2 block) |
| Propranolol indications | 1. HTN 2. angina 3. cardiac arrhythmias 4. PEhochromocytoma (tumor in the adrenal medulla) 5. adjunct for hyperthyroidism 6. prevent migraines |
| Propranolol s/x, adv rx, CI'd | slows the heart decreases force of contraction CI'd for any condition in which cardiac output is already compromised like bradycardia (<50), systolic hypotension (<100 mmHG), vasospastic (Prinzmetal's) angina DM no abrupt DC causes drowsiness, ED, depresion |
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