Flashcards: Logical Reasoning
All 53 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Justify the Conclusion / Assumtion | What question type requires you to select an answer choice that logically proves the conclusion of the argument? |
| Assumtion solving tips | Any new information in the conclusion will appear in the correct answer. |
| Strengthen an Argument tips | Identify the conclusion, personalize the argument, look for weaknesses in the argument |
| Strengthen questions/ cause and effect solving tips | eliminate any alternate causes, shows cause occurs the effect occurs, cause does not occur the effect does not occur, eliminate possibility of relationship reversed, if data used it is accurate or eliminate problems with data |
| Justify the Conclusion Question example | the test results would provide the proof that the manufacturer clams they do if which one of the following is assumed? |
| Justify the Conclusion Question example | Which one of the following assumptions would allow the conclusion concerning eighteenth century chemistry to be propertly drawn |
| Justify the Conclusion Question example | Which onf of the following if assumed allows the conclusion above to be properly drawn? |
| Justify the Conclusion Question example | The conclusion of the argument flollows loggically if which one of the following is assumed? |
| Justify the Conclusion Question example | Which one of the following is an assumption tht would make the conclusion in the passage a logical one? |
| Assumption tips | Conclusion(valid) ----> Assumption(valid) |
| Assumption Negate Technique | Logically negate the answer choice under consideration The negated answer that attacks the argument will be the correct answer. |
| Must be true tip | The correct answer to a must be true question can always be proven by referring to the facts in the stimulus. |
| Must be true formats | The stem often indicates the information in the stimulus should be taken as true, as in: If the statement above are true, The statement above, if true, If the information above is correct, |
| Must be true correct answers | Paraphrased answers, answers that restate a portion of the stimulus but the language used is not exactly the same |
| Must be true correct answers | Answers that are the sum or combination of two or more stimulus statements |
| Opposite of Must be true | Not necessarily true |
| Opposite of not necessarily true | Must be true |
| Opposite of could be true | Can not be true |
| Opposite of Can not be true | Could be true |
| Must be true incorrect answers tips | An answer that is not necessarily true |
| Must be true incorrect answers tips | An answer that is exaggerated, like if "some" is exaggerated to "most" |
| Must be true incorrect answers tips | An answer that has new information will be wrong |
| Main point question tip | Many pain point questions place the conclusion at the beginnning or the middle of the stimulus |
| Main point question incorrect answers | answers that are true but do not encapsulate the authers point |
| Main point questions incorrect answers | Answers that repeat premises in the argument |
| Main point question example | Which one of the following most accurately expresses the conclusion of the journalist's argument? |
| Main point question example | The main point of the argument is that? |
| If Sufficient | Then Necessary |
| If | sufficient |
| when | sufficient |
| whenever | sufficient |
| every | sufficient |
| all | sufficient |
| any | sufficient |
| people who | sufficient |
| in order to | sufficient |
| to get | sufficient |
| you will get | sufficient |
| then | necessary |
| only | necessary |
| only if | necessary |
| must | necessry |
| required | necessary |
| unless | necessary |
| except | necessary |
| until | necessary |
| without | necessary |
| Weaken question tip | almost all correct weaken answers leave the primises untouched, the conclusion is the what is most likely to be attacked |
| Weaken question tips | focus on the conclusion, often reasoning errors, correct answers can have new information in them |
| Strengthen questions set apart | strengthen questions ask you to support the argument in any way from 1% to 100% |
| Justify the conclusion set apart | they ask you to stengthen the arguement so powerfully that the conclusion is make logical, nothing less than 100% |
| Assumption questions set apart | ask you to identify the statement that the argument assumes or supposes, it is simply an unstated premise, what must be true for the argument to be true |
| Strengthen question example | The reasoning in the advertisement would be most strengthened if which one of the following were true? |