| Term | Definition |
|---|
| homeostasis | helps maintain |
| responce | what your body does in reaction to a stimulus |
| stimulus | any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react |
| neurons | nerve cells |
| nerve impulse | the message that the neuron carries |
| dendrite | carries impulses toward the cell body |
| axon | carries impulses away from the cell body |
| nerve | a bundle of nerve fibers |
| sensory neuron | picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impule |
| interneuron | carries nerve impulses to one neuron to another |
| motor neuron | sends an impulse to a muscle and the muscle contracts in responce |
| synapse | the tiny space between the tip of an axon and the next structure |
| central nervous system | consists of the brian and spinal cord |
| peripheral nervous system | consists of all the nerves located outside of the cenral nervous system |
| brain | the part of the central nervous system that controls most functions in the body |
| spinal cord | the thick column of nerve tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system |
| cerebrum | interprets imput from the senses controls the movement of skeletal muscles and carries out complex mental process such as learning remembering and making judgments |
| brainstem | controls your body's involuntary action |
| somatic nervous system | control voluntary actions such as using a fork or tying you shoes |
| autonamic nervous system | controls involuntary actions |
| reflex | happens automatically |
| concussion | a bruiselike injury of the brain |
| cornea | the clear tissue that covers the front of the eye |
| pupil | the opening through which light enters the eye |
| iris | a circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye |
| lens | a flexable structure that focuses light |
| retina | the layer of receptor cells that lines the back of the eye |
| nearsightedness | can see nearby objects clearly have trouble seeing far away objects |
| farsightedness | can see distantobjects clearly have trouble seeing nearby objects |
| eardrum | a membrane that vibrates when sound waves strike |
| cochlea | a snail-shaped tube that is lined with receptors that respond to sound |
| semicircular canal | the structures in the ear that are responsible for your sence of balance |
| tolerance | a state in which a drug user needs larger and larger amountsof the drug to produce the same effect on the body |
| withdraw | a period of adjustment that occurs when a person stops taking a drug |
| depressants | drugs that slow down the activity of the central nervous system |
| stimulants | speed up body processes |
| anabolic steroids | synthetic chemicals that are similar to hormones produced in the body |
| alcoholism | a disease in which a person is both physically addicted to and emotionall dependent on alcohol |
| cerebellum | the part of the brain that coordinates the actions of the muscles and helps maintain balance |
| drug | any chemical that causes changes in a person's body or behavior |
| drug abuse | the deliberate misuse of drugs for purposes other than appropriate medical ones |
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