Flashcards: 18 Enlightened Absolutism Crawford
About these flashcards
Created by:
HistoryofCrawford on July 27, 2010
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.All 20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Seven Years' War (1756-1763) | Began over Silesia, led to global struggles where Great Britain gained colonial dominance. |
| Pugachev's Rebellion (1773) | Cossack revolution against Catherine the Great. Defeated, resulting in increased serfdom and decreased rights for peasants. |
| Jethro Tull (d. 1741) | Discovered ways to increase yield of farmland by using seed drills and cultivation. |
| Partitions of Poland | Division of Poland between Prussia, Austria, and Russia. |
| John Wilkes (d. 1797) | English journalist and parliament member. He inspired English citizens to reform the government and reduce the power of the monarchy. |
| Joseph II (d. 1790) | Enlightened Austrian monarch. Reformed most aspects of Austrian life, only to anger most of the populace. |
| Fredrick William I (d. 1740) | Established the General Directory in Prussia. Ruled over the Junkers, who ruled the army. |
| Hanoverians | German dynasty that was established as English monarchs at the death of Queen Anne. |
| Madame de Pompadour (d. 1764) | Mistress of Louis XV who practically ruled France in the mid-1700's. |
| Robert Walpole (d. 1745) | Prime minister of England during the reigns of Georges I & II. Made ministers stronger and established ministers as dispensers of patronage. |
| Frederick the Great (d. 1786) | Prussia's prime Enlightened monarch. Ruled efficiently and honestly. Increased class stratification. |
| Maria Theresa (d. 1780) | Reworked administration system of Austrian Empire. Not open to Enlightenment ideals. |
| Catherine the Great (d. 1796) | Russian monarch who initially attempted Enlightened reforms, but ultimately expanded Russia and reduced peasant rights. |
| War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) | Started when Frederick II of Prussia violated the Pragmatic Sanction and invaded Maria Theresa's Austria. Ended with Prussian control of Silesia. |
| Enlightened Absolutism | The idea that people's rights are best protected by an all-powerful, yet rational, king. |
| balance of power | The idea that each nation must not have too much power. It's also the excuse Enlightened Monarchs used for war. |
| enclosure | The movement to create large farms from smaller ones. Increased the yield, but took land from small farmers. |
| British | The word that described both the English and Scots after their governments were combined into the United Kingdom in 1707. |
| cottage industry | Where an entire family worked together to produce goods/services. |
| Pragmatic Sanction | The agreement between European nations not to invade Austria when Maria Theresa took the throne. |