Medical Language chapter 1 & 2 Susan Turley
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shaejclark on July 27, 2010
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Flash cards for Medical Language by Susan Turley.
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281 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Communication | communicat/o- Impart, transmit -ion action; condition |
| Medical | medic/o- physician; medicine -al pertaining to |
| appendic/o- | appendix |
| arthr/o- | joint |
| cardi/o- | heart |
| cutane/o- | skin |
| esthes/o- | sensation, feeling |
| gastr/o- | stomach |
| hemat/o- | blood |
| hepat/o- | liver |
| laryng/o- | larynx (voice box) |
| mast/o- | breast; mastoid process |
| nas/o- | nose |
| nat/o- | birth |
| neur/o- | nerve |
| pneumon/o- | lung; air |
| psych/o- | mind |
| retin/o- | retina (of the eye) |
| tonsill/o- | tonsil |
| trache/o- | trachea (windpipe) |
| urin/o- | urine; urinary system |
| ven/o- | vein |
| -ac | pertaining to |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -ary | pertaining to |
| -ation | a process; being or having |
| -ous | pertaining to |
| -tic | pertaining to |
| -ia | condition, state, thing |
| -ion | action; condition |
| -ism | process; disease from a specific cause |
| -itis | inflammation of |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| -oma | tumor; mass |
| -osis | condition; abnormal condition; process |
| -pathy | disease, suffering |
| -ectomy | surgical excision |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -scopy | process of using an instrument to examine |
| -iatry | medial treatment |
| -itian | a skilled professional or expert |
| -ology | the study of |
| laryngitis | itis inflammation of laryng/o- larynx (voice box) inflammation of the larynx |
| cardiac | -ac pertaining to cardi/o- heart pertaining to the heart |
| neurology | -ology study of neur/o- nerve study of the nerve |
| mastectomy | -ectomy surgical excision mast/o- breast; mastoid process a surgical excision of the breast |
| tonsillar | -ar pertaining to tonsill/o- tonsil pertaining to the tonsil |
| gastroscopy | -scopy process of using an instrument to examine gastr/o- stomach the process of using an instrument to examine the stomach |
| hematoma | -oma tumor; mass hemat/o- blood A mass of blood |
| hepatic | -ic pertaining to hepat/o- liver pertaining to the liver |
| psychology | -logy the study of psych/o- mind The study of the mind |
| pneumonia | -ia condition, state, thing pneumon/o- lung; air A condition of the lung |
| venous | -ous pertaining to ven/o- vein Pertaining to the vein |
| arthritis | -itis inflammation of arthr/o- joint inflammation of the joint |
| postnatal | -al pertaining to post- after, behind nat/o- birth Pertaining to after birth |
| anesthesia | -ia condition, state, thing an- without, not esthes/o- sensation, feeling condition without sensation or feeling |
| intranasal | -al pertaining to intra- within nas/o- nose pertaining to within the nose |
| polyneuropathy | -pathy disease, suffering poly- many, much neur/o- nerve disease of many nerves |
| peritonsillar | -ar pertaining to peri- around tonsill/o- tonsil pertaining to around the tonsil |
| subcutaneous | -ous pertaining to sub- below; underneath; less than cutane/o- skin pertaining to underneath the skin |
| tachycardia | -ia condition, state, thing tachy- fast cardi/o- heart condition of a fast heart |
| intravenous | -ous pertaining to intra- innermost, within ven/o- vein pertaining to within the vein |
| endotracheal | -al pertaining to endo- innermost, within trache/o- trachea pertaining to within the trachea |
| intra- | within |
| brady- | slow |
| an- | without, not |
| sub- | below; underneath; less than |
| poly- | many, much |
| anti- | against |
| post- | after, behind |
| endo- | innermost, within |
| peri- | around |
| hyper- | above; more than normal |
| hypo- | below; deficient |
| pre- | before, in front of |
| tachy- | fast |
| dys- | painful, difficult, abnormal |
| nucleus | command center of a cell |
| pelvis | the hip bones |
| sinus | hollow cavity in the cranial bone |
| thorax | the chest and chest cavity |
| artery | blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| cell | smallest independent part of the body |
| muscle | structure that contracts and enables the body to move |
| phobia | an irrational fear |
| sperm | male sex cell that fertilizes the female's egg |
| vein | blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| bladder | hollow sac that holds urine |
| drug | medicine |
| heart | muscle that pumps the blood |
| physician | doctor |
| etymology | etym/o- word origin -logy the study of the study of word origin |
| bursa(female singular) bursae(female plural) | fluid filled sac under a tendon |
| scapula (female singular) scapulae (female plural) | shoulder blade |
| vertebra (female singular) vertebrae (female plural) | bone in the spinal column |
| bronchus (male singular) bronchi (male plural) | tube that carries air to the lungs |
| musculus (male singular) musculi (male plural) | latin word for muscle |
| nucleus (male singular) nuclei (male plural) | command center of a cell |
| atrium (neuter singular) atria (neuter plural) | upper chamber of the heart |
| bacterium (neuter singular) bacteria (neuter plural) | microscopic disease-causing cell |
| medical | medic/o- physician; medicine -al pertaining to pertaining to a physician or medicine |
| health | is derived from an old english word meaning whole. |
| A | assessment (heading in a SOAP note) |
| CC | Chief complaint or Cubic Centimeter (a measure of volume) |
| CPR | Computerized patient record or cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| DS | Discharge summary |
| Dx | Diagnosis |
| EHR | Electronic Health Record |
| EPR | Electronic Patient Record |
| H&P | history and physical examination or |
| HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and accountability act |
| HPI | history of present illness |
| O | Objective (heading in SOAP note) |
| P | Plan (heading in SOAP note) |
| PE | Physical Examination |
| ROS | Review of systems |
| S | Subjective (heading in SOAP note) |
| SOAP | subjective, objective, assessment, plan |
| HNP | herniated nucleus pulposus |
| gastroduodenoscopy | -scopy process of using an instrument to examine gastr/o- stomach duoden/o- duodenum The process of using an instrument to examine the stomach and duodenum. |
| otorhinolaryngology | -logy the study of ot/o- ear rhin/o- nose laryng/o- larynx (voice box) The study of the ears, nose and larynx. |
| duoden/o- | duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) |
| paramedic | para- beside or apart from medic a shortened form of medical Provides medical care in a setting that is apart from a hospital or physician's office. |
| phalanges | phalang/o- phalanx (finger or toe) es/o- inward |
| phalanx | finger or toe |
| plane | an imaginary flat surface, like a plate of glass |
| coronal plane (or frontal plane) | an imaginary vertical plane that divides the entire body into front and back sections |
| anatomical | ana- apart from; excessive tom/o- a cut, slice, or layer -ical pertaining to |
| anatomical position | Standard position in which the body is standing erect, the head is up with the eyes looking forward, the arms are by the sides with the palms facing forward, and the legs are straight with the toes pointing forward. |
| coronal | coron/o- encircling structure -al pertaining to Coronal is derived from a Latin word meaning crown |
| frontal | front/o- front -al pertaining to pertaining to the front |
| anterior | anter/o- before; front part -ior pertaining to pertaining to the front part |
| ventral | ventr/o- front; abdomen -al pertaining to pertaining to the abdomen or front |
| posterior | poster/o- back part -ior pertaining to pertaining to the back part |
| dorsal | dors/o- back; dorsum; uppermost part -al pertaining to pertaining to the back |
| prone | is derived from a Latin word meaning inclined downward lying with the anterior section of the body down |
| supine | is derived from a Latin word meaning lying on the back |
| dorsal supine position | lying with the posterior section of the body down |
| anteriorly | anter/o- before, front part -ior pertaining to -ly going toward Moving toward the front of the body |
| posteriorly | poster/o- back part -ior pertaining to -ly going toward Moving toward the back of the body |
| anteroposterior | anter/o- before; front part poster/o- back part -ior pertaining to moving from the outside of the body through the anterior section and then through the posterior section |
| posteroanterior | poster/o- back part anter/o- before; front part -ior pertaining to Moving from the outside of the body through the posterior section and then through the anterior section. |
| midsagittal | mid- middle sagitt/o- going from front to back -al pertaining to Sagittal is derived from a Latin word meaning an arrow, implying the path of an arrow goes through the body from front to back. |
| midsagittal plane | an imaginary vertical plane that divides the entire body into right and left sections. named for the sagittal suture of the skull. |
| medial or medially | medi/o- middle -al pertaining to -ly going toward moving from the side of the body toward the midline. |
| lateral or laterally | later/o- side -al pertaining to -ly going toward moving from the midline to toward the side of the body. |
| MRI (Magnetic Resonance imaging) | scan uses a magnetic field to create images of the body in "slices" |
| transverse plane | imaginary horizontal plane that divides the entire body into top and bottom sections. |
| transverse | trans- across, through -verse to turn; to travel to travel across |
| horizontal | horizont/o- boundary between the earth and sky -al pertaining to |
| superior | super/o- below -ior pertaining to the upper half of the body |
| inferior | infer/o- below -ior pertaining to the lower half of the body |
| cephalad direction | moving toward the head |
| caudad direction | moving toward the tailbone or lower parts of the body |
| superiorly | super/o- above -ior pertaining to -ly going toward |
| cephalad | cephal/o- head -ad toward, in the direction of |
| inferiorly | infer/o- below -ior pertaining to -ly going toward |
| caudad | caud/o- tailbone; lower part of the body -ad toward, in the direction of caudad means toward or in the direction of the tail, but the human body does not have a tail. it does have a tail bone, however, caud/o- also means the lower part of the body |
| distal or distally | dist/o- away from the center or point of origin -al pertaining to -ly going toward moving from the body toward the end of a limb (arm or leg) |
| proximal or proximally | proxim/o- near the center or part of origin -al pertaining to -ly going toward moving from the end of a limb toward where it is attached to the body. |
| superficial or external structures | superfici/o- on or near the surface -al pertaining to extern/o- outside structures on the surface of the body |
| internal structures | intern/o- inside -al pertaining to structures below the surface and inside the body are deep. |
| cavity | cav/o- hollow space -ity state, condition A hollow space that is surrounded by bones or muscles. |
| cranial cavity | lies within and protected by the cranium |
| cranial | crani/o- cranium (skull) -al pertaining to |
| spinal cavity or spinal canal | is a continuation of the cranial cavity as it travels down the midline of the back. |
| spinal | spin/o- spine; backbone -al pertaining to |
| thoracic cavity | lies within the chest and is protected by the breast bone (sternum) anteriorly, the bony ribs laterally, and the spinal column posteriorly. |
| thoracic | thorac/o- thorax (chest) -ic pertaining to |
| mediastinum | derived from a Latin word meaning middle. a smaller, central area containing the trachea, esophagus, heart, and other structures. |
| abdominal cavity | lies within the abdomen. it is protected by the bones of the spinal column posteriorly. the abdomen muscles anteriorly provide support. |
| abdominal | abdomin/o- abdomen -al pertaining to |
| pelvic cavity | a continuation of the abdominal cavity inferiorly. lies within and is protected by the pelvic bones anteriorly and laterally; as well as protected by the base of the spinal column posteriorly |
| pelvic | pelv/o- pelvis (hip bone; renal pelvis) -ic pertaining to |
| abdominopelvic cavity | abdomin/o- abdomen pelv/o- pelvis (hip bone; renal pelvis) -ic pertaining to two cavities with no dividing structure in it to form one continuous cavity. |
| viscera | Viscera is a latin word meaning soft internal organs. because there are many internal organs in the body, the singular form viscus is seldom used. The internal organs of all of the body cavities collectively. |
| quadrant | is derived from a Latin word meaning pertaining to four parts. |
| hypocondriac | hypo- below, deficient condr/o- cartilage -iac pertaining to is a greek word for the area below the cartilage of the ribs on either side of the abdomen. |
| epigastric | epi- upon, above gastr/o- stomach -ic pertaining to |
| lumbar | lumb/o- lower back; area between the ribs and pelvis -ar pertaining to |
| umbilicus | is a latin word meaning the navel |
| umbilical | umbilic/o- umbilicus, navel -al pertaining to |
| inguinal | inguin/o- groin -al pertaining to |
| iliac | ili/o- ilium (hip bone) -ac pertaining to |
| hypogastric | hypo- below; deficient gastr/o- stomach -ic pertaining to |
| anatomy | ana- apart from; excessive -tomy process of cutting or making an incision |
| physiology | physi/o- physical function -logy the study of |
| microscope | micr/o- small scop/o- examine with an instrument -ic pertaining to |
| microscope | micr/o- small -scope instrument used to examine an instrument that is used to examine small things |
| macroscopic | macr/o- large scop/o- examine with an instrument -ic pertaining to uses the eye itself as the examining "instrument". |
| system | is derived from a greek word meaning combination of parts to make an organized whole |
| Gastroenterology | gastr/o- stomach enter/o- intestine -logy the study of Gastrointestinal System - includes mouth, teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx (throat), esphagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas. |
| Pulmonology | pulmon/o- lung -logy the study of Respiratory System - includes nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voicebox), trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli |
| Cardiology | cardi/o- heart -logy the study of Cardiovascular System - includes the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. |
| Respiratory | re- again and again; backward; unable to spir/o- breathe -atory pertaining to Pertaining to again and again breathing. |
| Cardiovascular | cardi/o- heart vascul/o- blood vessel -ar pertaining to |
| Hematology | hemat/o- blood -logy the study of Blood - including blood cells and plasma (liquid portion of blood) |
| Immunology | immun/o- immune response -logy the study of Blood, Lymphatic System - includes Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymph, spleen, thymus, white blood cells. |
| Lymphatic | lymph/o- lymph; lymphatic system -atic pertaining to |
| Dermatology | dermat/o- skin -logy the study of Integumentary System - including skin, hair nails, sweat glands, oil glands. |
| integumentary | inegument/o- skin -ary pertaining to |
| Orthopedics | orth/o- straight ped/o- child -ics knowledge, practice Knowledge and practice of producing straightness in a child or an adult. Skeletal System - including bones, cartilage, ligaments, joints. |
| skeletal | skelet/o- skeleton -al pertaining to |
| Orthopedics | Muscular system - including muscles and tendons |
| muscular | muscul/o- muscle -ar pertaining to |
| Neurology | neur/o- nerve -logy the study of Nervous system - including Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, neurons. |
| Nervous | nerv/o- nerve -ous pertaining to |
| Urology | ur/o- urine; urinary sytem -logy the study of Urinary system - including kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, nephrons Male; urethra, penis |
| urinary | urin/o- urine, urinary system -ary pertaining to |
| Male Reproductive system | re- again and again; backward; unable to product/o- produce -ive pertaining to Pertaining to again and again producing (children). Male Genital and Reproductive System - including Scrotum, testes, epididymides, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethra, penis |
| genital | genit/o- genitalia -ia pertaining to |
| Gynecology and obstetrics (GYN/OB) | gynec/o- female, woman -logy the study of obstetr/o- pregnancy and child birth -ics knowledge, practice Female Genital and Reproductive System - including breasts, ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia |
| Endocrinology | endo- innermost, within crin/o- secrete -logy the study of Endocrine System - including testes, ovaries, pancreas, adrenal glands, thymus, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, pineal gland. |
| Endocrine | endo- innermost -crine a thing that secretes A thing (organ or gland) that secretes hormones internally within the body. |
| Ophthamology | ophtham/o- eye -logy the study of The study of the eyes |
| Otolaryngology | ot/o- ear laryng/o- larynx (voice box) -logy the study of Ear, nose, and throat system - includes ears, nose, sinuses, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box). |
| Psychiatry | psych/o- mind -iatry medical treatment Study and treatment of the mind |
| Oncology | onc/o- tumor, mass -logy the study of study and treatment of cancer |
| radiology and nuclear medicine | radi/o- radius (forarm bone); x-ray; radiation -logy the study of nucle/o- nucleus -ar pertaining to medic/o- physician; medicine -ine pertaining to Use of x-rays, sound waves, and other forms of radiation and energy to diagnose disease. |
| Dentistry | dent/o- tooth -ics knowledge, practice Study and treatment of the teeth and gums |
| Dietetics | dietet/o- foods, diet -ics knowledge practice Study and use of nutrition, nutrients, and diet |
| Pharmacology | pharmac/o- medicine, drug -logy the study of Study and use of drugs as medicines |
| Neonatology | ne/o- new nat/o- birth -logy the study of Study and treatment of newborns |
| pediatrics | ped/o- child iatr/o- physician; medical treatment -ics knowledge, practice Study and treatment of infants and children |
| Geriatrics | ger/o- old age iatr/o- physician; medical treatment -ics knowledge, practice Study and treatment of the elderly |
| Preventive | prevent/o- prevent -ive pertaining to |
| Preventive Medicine | specialty whose goal it is to keep a person in a state of health and prevent the occurrence of disease. |
| Disease | any change in the normal structure or function of the body |
| etiology | eti/o- cause of disease -logy the study of cause or origin of a disease |
| congenital | congent/o- present at birth -al pertaining to caused by an abnormality as the fetus develops or one that occurs during the birth process. |
| degenerative | de- reversal of; without gener/o- production; creation caused by the progressive destruction of cells due to disease or aging process |
| environmental | caused by exposure to external substances |
| hereditary | heredit/o- genetic inheritance -ary pertaining to caused by an inherited or spontaneous mutation in the genetic material of a cell. |
| iatrogenic | iatr/o- physician; medical treatment gen/o- arising from; produced by -ic pertaining to caused by medicine or treatment given to the patient |
| idiopathic | idi/o- unknown; individual path/o- disease, suffering -ic pertaining to |
| infectious | infect/o- disease within -ious pertaining to caused by a pathogen (disease-causing microorganism such as bacterium, virus, fungus, and so forth) |
| Communicable | communic/o- impart, transmit -able able to be an infectious disease that is transmitted by direct contact with another person, animal or insect. |
| pathogen | path/o- disease, suffering -gen that which produces |
| neoplastic | ne.o- new plas/o- growth, formation -tic pertaining to caused by the growth of benign or malignant tumors |
| benign | non cancerous |
| malignant | cancerous |
| nosocomial | derived from a greek word meaning hospital. caused by exposure to infection while the patient is in the hospital |
| nutritional | nutri/o- nurishment -tion a process, being or having -al pertaining to caused by a lack of nutritious food, insufficient amounts of food, or an inability to utilize nutrients in the food |
| symptom | any deviation from health that can only be perceived or felt by the patient. |
| symptomatology | symptomat/o- collection of symptoms -logy the study of the clinical picture of all the patient's symptoms and signs |
| syndrome | syn- together -drome a running is a set of symptoms and signs associated with and characteristic of one particular disease. |
| asymptomatic | a- away from; without symptomat/o- collection of symptoms -ic pertaining to showing no symptoms or signs, can still have a disease, but it can only be detected by medical tests |
| inspection | inspect/o- looking at -ion action; condition using the eyes to examine the external surfaces or internal cavities of the body |
| palpation | palpat/o- touching, feeling -ion action; condition using the fingers to press on the body to feel masses or enlarged organs or to detect tenderness. |
| ascultation | auscult/o- listening -ation a process; being or having using a stethoscope to listen to the sounds of the heart, lungs or intestines |
| stethoscope | steth/o- chest -scope instrument used to examine |
| percussion | percuss/o- tapping -ion action; condition using the finger of one hand to tap on the finger of the other hand while that hand is spread over a large body cavity. |
| diagnosis | dia- complete; completley through gnos/o- knowledge -osis condition, abnormal condition; process determination as to the cause of the patient's symptoms and signs |
| diagnostic | dia- complete; completely through gnos/o- knowledge -tic pertaining to |
| acute | derived from a latin word meaning sharp sudden in it's nature and severe in intensity |
| subacute | is a combination of the (prefix sub- below, underneath, less than) and the word acute less severe in intensity |
| chronic | chron/o- time -ic pertaining to continuing for three months or more |
| exacerbation | exacerb/o- increase; provoke -ation a process; being or having a sudden worsening in the severity of the symptoms or signs. |
| sequela | something that follows an abnormal condition or complication that arises because of the original disease and remains after the original disease has resolved |
| remission | remiss/o- send back -ion action; condition a temporary improvement in the symptoms and signs of a disease without the underlying disease being cured. |
| therapy | treatment |
| therapeutic | therapeut/o- treatment -ic pertaining to disease improvement with treatment |
| refractory | re- again and again; backward; unable to fract/o- break up -ory having the function of pertaining to a disease that treatment is unable to break up, treat, or cure unable to respond well to treatment |
| surgery | surg/o- operative procedure -ery process of derived from a latin word meaning hand work |
| prognosis | pro- before gnos/- knowledge -osis condition; abnormal condition; process predicted outcome of a disease |
| recuperation | recuper/o- recover -ation a process; being or having is a return to a normal state of health |
| disability | a permanent inability to perform certain activities or function in a given way. |
| terminal | termin/o- end; boundary -al pertaining to illness that one from which the patient cannot recover and which eventually results in death. |
| nurse | derived from the french word meaning to tend they examine patients, make nursing diagnosis, and administer treatments or drugs ordered by the physician. |
| technologist | techn/o- technical skill log/o- the study of -ist one who specializes in |
| technician | techn/o- technical skill -ician a skilled professional or expert |
| therapist | therap/o- treatment -ist one who specializes in |
| inpatient | a patient in a hospital |
| ancillary | ancill/o- servant, accessory -ary petaining to |
| clinic | provides healthcare services similar to that of a physician's office but for just one type of patient or one type of disease |
| outpatient | never formally admitted to the hospital and do not stay overnight at a clinic |
| ambulatory | ambulat/o- walking -ory having the function of facility where minor surgery is performed and the patient does not stay overnight |
| rehabilitation | re-again and again; backward; unable to habilitat/o- give ability -ion action; condition transition a patient from hospital to home |
| hospice | derived from the latin word meaning receiving guests and strangers a facility for patients who are dying |
| palliative | palliat/o- reduce the severity of -ive pertaining to supportive medical and nursing care to keep the patient comfortable, counseling and emotional support for the patient and family |
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