Medical Terminology
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Created by:
SarahRose_914 on April 23, 2008
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244 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| hemolysin | a substance that causes hemolysis |
| Carcinogen | adj. substance, one that causes cancer |
| ophthalmopathy | any disease of the eye |
| pyromaniac | a person having characteristics of pyromania |
| osteitis | inflammation of a bone |
| myalgia | muscular pain |
| nasal | adj. pertaining to the nose |
| encephalocele | herniation of part of the brain through an opening in the skull (also called cerebral) |
| microscopy | the process of viewing things which are small |
| -centesis | surgical puncture |
| -ectomy | surgical removal |
| -pexy | surgical fixation |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -rrhaphy | suture |
| -scopy | visual examination with a lighted instrument |
| -tripsy | surgical crushing |
| hemorrhage | excessive bleeding |
| colectomy | excision of the colon |
| ophthalmotomy | incision of the eye |
| encephalotome | instrument used in encephalotomy to incise the brain |
| otoplasty | plastic surgery of the ear |
| neurotripsy | surgical crushing of a nerve |
| angiorrhaphy | suture of a vessel |
| blepharedema | swelling of the eyelid |
| otoscopy | visual examination of the ear |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| WNL | within normal limits |
| Bx | biopsy |
| OD | Overdose; right eye |
| OTC | over the counter |
| Rx | prescription |
| Tx | treatment |
| acromeagly | enlargement of the extemities |
| chirospasm | writers cramp |
| dactlyogram | a mark or record of a finger print |
| distal | opposite of proximal- further from the point of origin |
| dysplasia | is the abnormal development of an organ or tissue |
| hyperactive | excessively active |
| incisional | adj. pertaining to an incision |
| intravenous | within a vein |
| pronation | act of lying prone, downward & assumption of a supine position |
| recumbent | laying down |
| postnasal | lying or occuring behind the nose |
| suprathoracic | above the chest |
| unilateral | affecting only one side |
| diplopia | double vision |
| hypertrophy | increases in size by enlarging individual cells |
| abdominopelvic | adj. abdomen & pelvis |
| afebrile | adj. without fever |
| bradyphasia | abnormally slow speech |
| contralateral | occuring on the opposite side |
| dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
| inferior | below |
| intramuscular | within a muscle |
| omphaloma | ask |
| anatomy | study of structure |
| plantar | pertaining to sole |
| VS | vital signs |
| BSA | body surface area |
| PA | posteroanterior |
| PE | physical examination |
| b.i.n. | twice a night |
| q. | every |
| t.i.d. | three times a day |
| p.r.n. | as needed |
| PO | by mouth |
| a.c. | before meals |
| thrombocytopenia | insufficiency of blood platelets |
| erythrocytosis | an increase in the number of erythrocytes |
| syncope | fainting |
| karomegaly | abnormal enlargement of a cell nucleus |
| anisocytosis | cells are not of equal size |
| hematoma | localized collection of blood |
| hyperemia | excess of blood in part of the body |
| coagulate | to cause to clot or become clotted |
| hematopoiesis | production of blood, specifically the formation & development of its cells |
| infection | invasion & multiplication of microorganisms in body tissue |
| aplastic | having no tendency to develop new tissue |
| fibronolysis | the destruction of fibrin |
| nosocomial | hospital acquired |
| nucleoid | resembling a nucleus |
| toxicity | the degree to which something is poisonous or condition that results from exposure to a toxin |
| toxoid | helpful form of toxin |
| poikilocytes | red blood cells that have an abnormal shape |
| pathogenic | adj. capable of causing disease |
| hypochromia | condition in which the red blood cells have a below normal amount of color |
| phagocytes | cells that digest debris |
| susceptibility | lack of resistance |
| hemophilia | hereditary bleeding disorder |
| polymorphonuclear | adj. many shaped nucleus |
| thrombectomy | surgical removal of a blood clot |
| microbiology | special/ small branch of biology |
| DOB | date of birth |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control & Prevention |
| HX, hx | health history |
| PT | prothrombin time & physical therapy |
| HIPPA | Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act |
| RBC | red blood cell; red blood count |
| TSS | Toxic Shock Syndrome |
| HPF | high power field |
| Rh | rheus factor |
| WMD | weapons of mass Destruction |
| cardiomyopathy | general diagnostic term that designates primary myocardial disease |
| ischemia | insufficient blood flow to an area |
| cyanosis | is a blue discoloration of the skin & mucous membranes |
| anoxia | abnormal condition characterized by absence of oxygen |
| arteriosclerosis | thickening & loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries |
| aneurysm | is a localized dilation or ballooning out of the wall of a blood vessel |
| phlebostasis | spontaneous slowing down of blood flow in a vein, or the result of a deliberate act in which one compresses the vein to control the flow of blood temporarily |
| tonsillar | pertaining to a tonsil |
| splenoptosis | downward displacement of the spleen |
| hypotension | decreased blood pressure |
| paroxysmal | occurring in sudden, repeated episodes |
| sphygmomanometer | apparatus that measures blood pressure |
| cardiovascular | adj. pertaining to the heart & blood vessels |
| pulmonary | adj. pertaining to the lungs |
| coronary arteries | arteries that supply blood to the heart |
| venipuncture | opening of a vein to draw blood |
| occlusion | obstruction or closure |
| vasodilation | stretching or dilation of a vessel |
| edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid |
| antihypertensive | adj. counteracting high blood pressure |
| metastasis | process by which malignant tumor cells spread to distant parts of the body |
| cardiomegaly | enlargement of the heart |
| pericardium | membranous sac which encloses the heart |
| arteriole | minute arterial branch |
| embolus | foreign matter that circulates in the blood stream |
| ECHO | echocardiography |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| CCU | critical care unit |
| LA | left atrium |
| T & A | tonsillectomy & adenoidectomy |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CA | carcinoma |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| spirometry | measures ventilation (the ability of the lungs to move air) |
| emphysema | characterized by over inflation & destruction of the alveolar walls |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the lumen of the trachea |
| pneumohemothorax | accumulation of air & blood in the pleural cavity |
| bronchodilator | expands the bronchi & other aidr passages |
| phrenoptosis | prolapsed or downward displacement of the diaphragm |
| bradynea | slow breathing |
| antitussive | adj. an agent that prevents or relieves coughing |
| mesothelioma | rare malignant tumor |
| hemoptysis | spitting of blood & blood stained sputum |
| hyperoxemia | increased oxygen content of the blood |
| tracheotomy | incisions of the trachea through the neck below the larynx |
| lethargic | adj. state of dullness, sluggishness or prolonged sleepiness/ drowsiness |
| empyema | pleural effusion (collection of fluid) contains pus |
| aspiration | drawing in & out by suction |
| laryngectomy | excision of the larynx |
| broncholithiasis | stones are present in the bronchi |
| AFB | acid-fast bacillus |
| LLL | left lower lobe |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| COLD | chronich obstructive lung disease |
| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| SARS | sudden acute respiratory syndrome |
| O2 | oxygen |
| SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| diverticulosis | condition of pouch like herniations in tubular organ |
| hematemesis | vomiting of blood |
| botulism | type of food poisoning caused by pathogenic bacteria |
| dysentery | inflammation of the intestines |
| fistulas | abnormal passages between internal organs |
| villi | finger like projections |
| glossorrhaphy | suture of the tongue |
| gastrectasis | abnormal stretching of the stomach |
| peristalsis | movement of food particles through the digestive tract |
| stomatomycosis | fungal infection of the mouth |
| intussusceptions | telescopic folding back of the bowel into itself |
| achalasia | abnormal condition charaterized by the inability of a muscle to relax |
| esophagogastroduodenoscopy | examination of the esophagus, stomach & duodenum |
| hepatotoxic | adj. substance which is destructive to the liver |
| gerodontics | branch of dentistry that deals with the dental problems of older persons |
| laparoscopic cholecystectomy | surgical excision of the gallbladder through a small incision in the abdomen |
| ascites | accumulation of abdominal fluid |
| retrocolic | adj. behind the colon |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| BMI | body mass index |
| RDA | recommended dietary allowance |
| IC | irritable colon |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition |
| EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| UGI | upper gastrointestinal (or upper GI) series |
| HBV | hepatitus B virus |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| urinary reflux | abnormal backward or return flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters |
| uropathy | any disease or abnormal condition of the urinary tract |
| lithotrite | instrument which crushes stone |
| antispasmodics | drugs or other agents that prevents muscle spasms |
| cystometrography | process which provides information about the effectiveness of the bladder wall muscle |
| transureteroureterostomy | surgical connection of one ureter to another |
| nephrolithiasis | condition caused by the presence of kidney stones |
| hypotension | decreased blood pressure |
| pyelolithotomy | surgical removal of a stone from the renal pelvis |
| urinometer | instrument that measures the specific gravity of urine |
| diuretic | adj. an agent that causes the body to eliminate more water in the form of urine |
| enuresis | inability to control urination |
| urinalysis | examination of urine |
| arteriography | recording of arterial blood supply |
| Interrenal | adj. between the kidneys |
| oliguria | diminished capacity to form urine |
| nycturia | excessive urination at night (nocturia) |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| UA | urinalysis |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| I & O | intake & output |
| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| KUB | kidneys, ureters and bladder |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| pH | potential of hydrogen |
| leiomyoma | benign tumor |
| spermatogenesis | production of mature, functional sperm capable of participating in conception |
| colpocystitis | inflammation of the vagina and urinary bladder |
| dysplasia | change in shape, growth & number of cells |
| asymptomatic | adj. without symptoms |
| cryptorchidism | failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum |
| mittelschmerz | abdominal pain in the region of an ovary during ovulation |
| ovulation | release of ovum from the follicle |
| oophoralgia | ovarian pain |
| metritis | inflammation of uterine tissue |
| ectopic | adj. situated away from its normal place or location |
| cystocele | protrusion of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina |
| laparoscopy | examination of the abdominal cavity |
| menses | normal flow of blood during menstruation |
| epididymitis | inflammation of the epididymus |
| menstrual cycle | monthly cycle of growth and discharge of the endometrium |
| paraurethral | adj. near the urethra |
| puberty | stage of development when genitalia reach maturity & secondary sex characteristics appear |
| gynecologic/ gynecology | pertaining to study of diseases that occur in females |
| metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation |
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