| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Renewable Energy | A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans. |
| Resource | A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasable to access, and is socially acceptable to use. |
| Retail Services | Services that provide goods for sale to consumers. |
| Right to Work State | A US State that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment. |
| Rush or Peak Hour | The one hour periods in the morning and evening with the heaviest amounts of traffic. |
| Sanitary Landfill | A place to deposit solid waste, where a layer of earth is bulldozed over garbage each day to reduce emission of gasses and odors from the decaying trash, to minimize fires and to dicourage vermin. |
| Textile | A fabric made by weaving, used in making clothing. |
| Thresh | To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it. |
| Sawah | A flooded field for growing rice. |
| Scale | A ratio which compares a measurement on a map to the actual distance between locations identified on the map. |
| Secondary Sector | The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials. |
| Sect | A relatively small religious group that has broken away from a larger established denomination. |
| Sector Model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the CBD. |
| Seed Agriculture | Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds, which result from sexual fertilization. |
| Self Determination | Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves. |
| Service | An activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it. |
| Settlement | A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants. |
| Sex Ratio | The number of males per 100 females in the population. |
| Share Cropper | A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays the loan by turning over to the landowner a share of the crop. |
| Shifting Cultivation | A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period. |
| Site | The physical characteristics of a place. |
| Site Factors | Location factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital. |
| Situation | The location of a place relative to other places. |
| Situation Factors | Location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory. |
| Slash and Burn Agriculture | Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris. |
| Solstice | Time when the Sun is farthest from the equator. |
| Sovereignty | Ability of a state to govern it's territory free from control of it's internal affairs by other states. |
| Spanglish | Combination of Spanish and English, spoken by Hispanic-Americans. |
| Spring Wheat | Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer. |
| Squatter Settlement | An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect homemade structures. |
| Standard Language | The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications. |
| State | An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs. |
| Stimulus Diffusion | The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected. |
| Structural Adjustment Program | Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade, such as raising taxes, reducing government spending, controlling inflation, selling publically owned utilities to private corporations, and charging citizens more for services. |
| Subsistence Agriculture | Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family. |
| Space-Time Compression | The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems. |
| Sprawl | Development of new housing sites at relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area. |
| Sustainable Agriculture | Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides. |
| Sustainable Development | Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own development needs. |
| Swidden | A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning. |
| Taboo | A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom. |
| Tertiary Sector | The portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the povision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment. |
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