| Term | Definition |
|---|
| archaea | Prokaryotes that differ due to the lack of peptidoglycans in cell walls and different phospholipids |
| bacteria | Prokaryotes that have peptidoglycan in cell walls, do not contain histone proteins |
| phycobilins | Accessory pigments found in cyanobacteria |
| heterocysts | specialized cells that produce nitrogen-fixing enzymes |
| cocci | The name of spherical bacteria (pl) |
| bacilli | The name of rod-shaped bacteria |
| spirilla | The name of sprial shaped bacteria |
| Gram-negative | These bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan wall covered with a layer of lipopolysacharides |
| Gram-positive | Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall |
| spirochetes | coiled bacteria (pl) that move in a corkscrew motion |
| euglenoids | Algae-like organisms in kingdom protista that have one to three flagella at their apical end, and have thin protein strips of pellicles wrappin gover their cell membranes. Auto and heterotrophic. Some respond to light. |
| pellicles | Thin protein strips that cover teh cell membranes of euglenoids |
| dinoflagellates | Algae-like organisms in kingdom protista that have two flagella; one posterior, one transverse. Some are bioluminescent. Some produce nerve toxins. |
| diatoms | Algae-like organisms in kingdom protista that have extremely strong shells called tests made of silicon |
| brown algae | Algae-like organisms in kngdom protista that are multicellular and have flagellated sperm cells. Some are giant seaweeds or kelps. |
| rhodophyta | Algae-like protists that contain phycobilins, multicellular and do not have gametes with flagella |
| chlorophyta | Algae-like protists that contain chlorophyll a and b, have cellulose cell walls, and store carbohydrates as starch |
| isogamous | A trait where both male and female gametes are equal in size and motile |
| anisogamous | A trait where the sperm and cell differ in size |
| oogamous | A trait where the cell is very large, and fertilized by small sperm |
| charophytes | Algae-like protists that are believed to be the ancestors of plants |
| rhizopoda | Animale-like protists that are amoebas |
| foraminifera | Animal-like protists with tests made of calcium carbonate |
| apicomplexans | Animal-like protists that are parasites characterized by an apical complex which have complex life cycles |
| ciliates | Animal-like protists distinguished by cilia, notably paramecium |
| cellular slime molds | Fungus-like protist that have spores that germinate into amoebas which feed on bacteria. After depleting food supplies they assume a slug-like form, become a stalk and release spores. |
| plasmodial slime molds | Fungus-like protists that grow as a spreading mass on decaying vegetation, when food runs out they form stalks which form haploid amoeboid or flagellated cells |
| oomycota | Fungus-like protists which include water molds, downy mildews and white rusts. Parasites or sprobes. Form filaments (hyphae) which secrete enzymes to digest surrounding substances, but lack septa (cross walls) meaning they are coenocytic |
| coenocytic | Trait of filaments that lack septa/cross-walls, meaning that a single cell has many nuclei |
Combine with other sets
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