Davi-Ellen Chabner; The Language of Medicine; ANZ Edition; Chapter 12; Blood System; Pathological conditions and disease processes
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hkfrankie2000 on August 15, 2010
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 anaemia | Deficiency in erythrocytes or haemoglobin. |
| iron-deficiency anaemia | It is caused by a lack of iron, which is required for haemoglobin production. |
| aplastic anaemia | Failure of blood cell production due to aplasis (absence of development, formation) of bone marrow cells. |
| haemolytic anaemia | Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction. |
| pernicious anaemia | Lack of mature erythrocytes owing to inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body. (Pernicious mean ruinous or hurtful.) |
| sickle cell anaemia | A hereditary condition characterised by abnormal shape of erythrocytes and by haemolysis. |
| thalassaemia | An inherited defect in the ability to produce haemoglobin, usually seem in persons of Mediterranean (thalassa is a Greek word meaning sea) background. |
| haemochromatosis | Excessive deposits of iron throughout the body. |
| polycthaemia vera | General increase in red blood cells (erythraemia). |
| haemophilia | Excessive bleeding caused by a congenital (hereditary) lack of one of the protein substances (factor VIII) necessary for blood clotting. |
| purpura | Multiple pinpoint haemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin. |
| leukaemia | An increase in cancerous white blood cells. |
| acute myelogenous (myelocytic) (myeloid) leukaemia (AML) | Immature granulocytes (myeloblasts) predominate. Platelets and erythrocytes are diminished because of infiltration and replacement of the bone marrow by large numbers of myeloblasts. |
| acute lymphocytic (lymphoid) leukaemia (ALL) | Immature lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) predominate. This form is seem most often in children and adolescents; onset is sudden. |
| chronic myelogenous (myelocytic) (myeloid) leukaemia (CML) | Both mature and immature granulocytes are present in the marrow and bloodstream. This is a slowly progressive illness with which patients may live for many years without encountering life-threatening problems. |
| chronic lymphocytic (lymphoid) leukaemia (CLL) | Abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. This form of leukaemia usually occurs in the elderly and follows a slowly progressive course. |
| granulocytosis | Abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood. |
| mononucleosis | An infectious disease evidenced by increased numbers of lymphocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Also called glandular fever. |
| muliple myeloma | Maliganant tumour of bone marrow. |
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