GI Infections
About this set
Created by:
jemcl4 on August 17, 2010
Classes:
Year 1 Pharmacology... and other useful things, year 2 pharmacology, anatomy, physiology...
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Staphylococus aureus | G+ cocci (clusters) Heat stable enterotoxin (food) Upper GI Sx |
| Bacillus cereus | G+ rod/spores Heat stable enterotoxin (food) OR heat labile toxin (gut) Upper GI Sx or diarrhoea |
| Clostridium perfringens | G+ rod/spores Heat labile enterotoxin (gut) Small bowel pain and diarrhoea |
| Helicobacter pylori | G- rod (spiral shaped) Bacterial colonisation of stomach Chronic infection, some get acute upper GI Sx Complications: Peptic ulcer, cancer |
| Vibrio cholera | G- rod Enterotoxin secreted in gut - increased cellular cAMP Profuse watery diarrhoea and dehydration |
| Salmonella typhi and paratyphi (Enteric fever, Typhoid) | G - rod Invasion of intestinal epithelial cells Invasion of RES cells (e.g. macrophages, bacteremia) Systemic illness, e.g. Fever, abdo pain, constipation Complications: Bowel perforation |
| Salmonella (non-typhoid species) | G- rod Invasion of intestinal eptihelial cells Small bowel diarrhoea (bloody) Complications: Vascular mycotic aneurysm, Reiter's syndrome |
| Campylobacter jejuni | G- rod (comma shaped) Enterotoxin or intestinal invasion Small or large bowel diarrhoea (bloody) + fever, headache Complications: Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Reiter's Syndrome |
| E. coli - ETEC (Enterotoxigenic) | Developing countries - "Travellers Diarrhoea" G-rod Enterotoxin (heat labile and heat stabile) which causes increased cAMP Vomiting and small bowel diarrhoea |
| E. coli - EPEC (Enteropathogenic) | G- rod Attaching and effacing effect on epithelial cells Vomiting and small bowel diarrhoea |
| E. coli - EHEC (Enterohaemorrhagic) | G- rod Enterotoxin - shiga toxin Diarrhoea (bloody) Complications: heamolytic uraemic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura |
| E. coli - EIEC (Enteroinvasive) | Invade into epithelial cells Small/large bowel diarrhoea |
| Clostridium difficile | Antibiotic diarrhoea G+ rod/spores Cytopathic toxin Large bowel diarrhoea (bloody) Complications: bowel perforation |
| Rotavirus and norwalk virus | Outbreaks/epidemics Viral Invade and damage epithelial cells Vomiting and diarrhoea |
| Shigella (Bacillary dysentry) | G- rod Invade epithelial cells Large bowel diarrhoea (bloody) |
| Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebic dysentry) | Amoeba cysts or trophozoites Invade epithelial cells, systemic spread Large bowel diarrhoea (bloody) + fever, abdo pain etc Complications: liver abscess + other abscesses |
| Giardia lamblia | Flagellate cysts or trophozoites Colonise and multiply in small bowel Chronic upper GI Sx + diarrhoea + possible acute Sx Complications (malabsorption) |
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