| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What was the original name? | Institute of Polar Studies |
| When was it founded | 1960 |
| When was the name changed | 1987 |
| Why was the name changed | Byrd made a large donation |
| Name some of the research groups. | Geosciences, oceanography, paleoclimatology, remote sensing, geochemistry, glaciology, polar meteorology |
| Where is there primary arctic research based | Greenland |
| Why are Dr. Lonnie Thompson and his wife recognized for their research | They got the biggest ice core every recorded from tropical mountain glaciers |
| What is remote sensing? | studying something from a distance or without being there |
| What is the primary tool used in remote sensing | satellites |
| Why might you study the melt ponds in greenland | to see what could be trapped in the ice |
| why is the slide of washington D.C. used to show sea level rise | to get government attention |
| what happens to water when it heats up | it expands |
| does drilling ice cores destroy glaciers | no, they refill themselves |
| how many meters long is an ice core | 400 meters |
| how many meters are they brought up in | 10 meters |
| how many meters are the individual sections | 1 meter |
| why are cartoons useful in looking at history | they say what is popular in the news |
| what happened in the glacier activity | the top and middle moved the fastest |
| what slowed down the bottom and the sides | friction |
| how much time must pass in order for there to be a global climate change | 30 years |
| what causes 90-95% of the climate change | human factors |
| which is melting faster the arctic or the ant arctic | the arctic |
| why is the arctic melting faster | it is not on land and it is surrounded by water |
| what causes sea level rise ice melting over water, or ice melting over land | ice melting over land |
| why is the ice over land melting causing sea level rise, and the ice melting over water isn't | because the ice over land falls into the ocean |
| list eight ways that we know about climate change | tree ring, ice cores, sediment cores, corals, pack rat middens, cave formations, lake/sea level rise, pollen, temperature, graphs |
| what will happen to lake levels if sea levels rise | they will go down because everything will have to even out |
| what are the goals of the ice core research group | to learn about why current temperature are so unique |
| how many miles of ice cores are kept at the BPRC | 5 miles |
| what is the temperature of the cold room | -30 degrees F |
| why is there a special clean room for the ice cores | to prevent contamination |
| where does the BPRC specialize in the ice cores | the tropics |
| why does the BPRC specialize in getting their ice cores from the rtropics | 50% of the worlds surface, 70 5 of the worlds population, and 80 % of the worlds agriculture |
| what are the different kinds of transportation that they use | horse, air, truck, hot air ballon, human, and yaks |
| what are is good about the tropical ice cores | they are shorter back in time, but more detailed |
| what is good about the polar ice cores | they are longer back in times, but they are not very detailed |
| what does a dark band of an ice core show | it was a dry season |
| what are the three milankovitch cycles | Eccentricity(orbit), Obliquity(tilt), Precession(wobble) |
| why should we care if the glaciers are melting | THere will be no more fresh water, and the sea level will rise, and it will affect us |
| Why are we worried about global warming if it is just a cycle | because it isn't supposed to happen this quickly |
| What do geo chemists study | chemistry and geology of sediment cores |
| what does a paleoclimatologist study | they study the rocks to tell us what caused the changes |
| why are the sediment cores better that the ice cores | the sediment cores go back further in time than the ice cores do |
| how far back do sediment cores go | 200,000,000 years |
| how far back do ice cores do | 100,000 years |
| how long are the sediment cores | ten meters |
| why are they cut into 1.5 meters cores | because they are easier to handle and transport |
| what do the rocks mean | a rock means that it fell out of an iceberg |
| what do the bugs mean | they mean that there was a warmer climate |
| if the small sediment cores are washed, then what is left to study | the sand and fossils |
| what does a dark brown band mean in a sediment core | there was a dry season |
| who can borrow rocks from the polar rock repository | anybody |
| why sis it important to have a PRR | so that people can save time, money, and protect the environment |
| what is the standard equipment issued to all researchers going to antarctica | goggles, a red parca, gloves, and ice pick, two orange bags, own boots, bunny boots, cramp-ons |
| what is a ventifact | any rock that has been smoothed or pitted by the wind which has sand and ice particles in it |
| why are fossils, coal, and petrified wood found in antarctica | antarctica used to have a warmer climate |
| why did the climate change in antarctica | because the ocean currents got cooler and cooled antarctica down |
| Who is Dr. Lonnie Thompson | A polar ice core spesialist |
| Who is Dr. Ken Jezek | the PI(principal investigator) of the remote sensing group |
| Who are Dr. Jason Box and Dr. David Brownwich | leaders of the polar meteorology research group |
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