Active Chemistry Chapter 1 Vocabulary
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Elements | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means |
| Atoms | the smallest part of a chemical element that retains the properties of the element |
| Chemical Properties | the manner in which substances change structure when rearranging during a chemical change |
| Physical Properties | any property of matter that doesn't change its chemical composition |
| Metals | a class of materials that exhibit the properties of conductivity, malleability and ductility |
| Nonmetals | elements that do not exhibit the properties of conductivity, malleability and ductility |
| Nucleus | the dense core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons |
| Orbitals | an energy state of an electron determined by a specific arrangement based on the quantum numbers |
| Proton | a positively charged subatomic particle located in the nucleus of an atom |
| Neutron | a neutral particle located in the nucleus with a charge of zero |
| Electron | a negatively charged subatomic particle located outside of the nucleus of the atom |
| Atomic Mass | determined by adding the mass of the protons and neutrons of the atom |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons contained in an element |
| Isotopes | atoms of the same element with identical atomic numbers but different atomic masses due to different number of neutrons in the nucleus |
| Compound | a substance that consists of two or more elements chemicallhy bonded together in definite proportions |
| Mole | the number equal to the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 of pure C |
| Avogadro's Number | a large number that equals the number of particles in a mole 6.022 X 10^23 |
| Electron Configuration | the systematic distribution of electrons in the energy levels of an atom |
| Wavelength | in electromagnetic radiation, the distance measured from crest to crest of one complete wave or cycle |
| Frequency | in electromagnetic radiation, the number of waves per second or cycles per second |
| Ionization Energy | the energy requried to remove an electron from a gaseous atom at ground state |
| Cations | a positively charged atom or molecule |
| Anions | a negatively charged atom or molecule |
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