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Osteon (haversian system), basic functional and structural unit of mature compact bone Central (Haversian) Canal cylindrical channel in the center of the osteon and runs parallel to it; blood vessels and nerves that supply bone travel through it Osteocytes (in lacunae) living, mature bones cells; maintain the bone matrix and detect mechanical stress on the bone. Lacunae gap where osteocytes are located Canaliculi (lower canals) communicates from one ring (lamellae) to another Lamellae rings or layers around a bone (look like tree trunk rings) Periosteum fibrous sheath surrounding the whole bone