Chemistry: Chapter 1 - Vocabulary
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Created by:
lioradickter on August 22, 2010
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Matter | Is anything that has mass and occupies space. |
| Chemistry | Is the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. (Because living and nonliving things are made of matter, chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events.) |
| Organic Chemistry | Is defined as the study of all chemicals containing carbon. |
| Inorganic Chemistry | Is the study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon. (Inorganic chemicals are found mainly in non-living things, such as rocks.) |
| Biochemistry | The study of processes that take place in organisms. (These processes include muscle contraction and digestion.) |
| Analytical Chemistry | Is the area of study that focuses on the composition of matter. (A task that would fall into this area of chemistry is measuring the level of lead in drinking water.) |
| Physical Chemistry | Is the area that deals with the mechanism, the rate, and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change. |
| Pure Chemistry | Is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake. |
| Applied Chemistry | Is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application. (In practice, pure chemistry and applied chemistry are often linked. Pure research can lead directly to an application, but an application can exist before research is done to explain how it works.) |
| Technology | Is the means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired. |
| Macroscopic | The world of objects that are large enough to see with the unaided eye. |
| Microscopic | The world of objects that can be seen only under magnification. |
| Biotechnology | Applies science to the production of biological products or processes. |
| Pollutant | Is a material found in air, water, or soil that is harmful to humans or other organisms. (Chemists help to identify pollutants and prevent pollution.) |
| The Scientific Method | Is a logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem. (Steps in the scientific method include: Making observations, testing hypotheses, and developing theories.) |
| Hypothesis | Is a proposed explanation for an observation. |
| Experiment | A procedure that is used to test a hypothesis. |
| Manipulated variable | The variable that you change during an experiment. (Also known as an independent variable.) |
| Responding variable | The variable that is observed during the experiment. (Also known as a dependent variable.) |
| Theory | Is a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations. |
| Scientific Law | Is a concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments. |
| The steps for solving a numeric word problem: | Analyze, calculate, and evaluate. |
| The steps for solving a conceptual problem: | Analyze and solve. |
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