bio 104 final exam
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113 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Remember the path of blood through the heart!!! | Vena Cava, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Lungs, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Aortic Arch |
| What happens to the pH of a solution when HCl (Hydrochloric acid) is added | Ph would go down |
| What happens to the pH of a solution when NaOH is added | Ph would go up |
| What type of energy do mechanoreceptors respond to | Physical energy |
| What are osteons? Osteocytes? | central canal and rings of bone ,Mature bone cells-monitor bones |
| What are the two ways substances can be added to the urine | tubular absorption, tubular secretion |
| What does the dorsal body cavity contain | 1 |
| What lines the dorsal body cavity | 1 |
| What do erythrocytes do, & where are they produced | 1 |
| What hormone stimulates their maturation process, & where is it produced | 1 |
| What is the storage form of glucose, & what two organs is it found in the most | 1 |
| What are the four basic tissue types | 1 |
| What is the type of immunity involving antibodies called | 11 |
| Why is the pancreas considered an exocrine gland | 1 |
| Why is it an endocrine gland | 1 |
| Where does mechanical digestion begin? Chemical digestion? | 1 |
| What kingdom & subgroup do humans belong to | 1 |
| What happens to red blood cells when they are added to a hypertonic solution? A hypotonic solution? | 1 |
| What are the units in the lung where O2 & CO2 exchange occurs | 1 |
| What does aerobic mean? Anaerobic? | 1 |
| Which type of process is fermentation | 1 |
| How many ATP molecules are produced | 1 |
| What is lactic acid | 1 |
| What is denaturation | 1 |
| What type of organic compounds are enzymes | 1 |
| What are the building blocks of proteins, & where are proteins produced in the cell | 1 |
| How do muscles usually cause movement | 1 |
| What are the two skeletal classifications in the human | 1 |
| How is fluid moved in & out of a cell? Does it require energy? | 1 |
| Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water | 1 |
| What are the cells which help to remodel bone after a fracture | 1 |
| What is the major function of the large intestine | 1 |
| What is the membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity? The thoracic cavity? Cover the viscera? | 1 |
| What is a ruptured ovarian follicle called? What does it secrete? | 1 |
| What is the specialized type of smooth muscle found only in the heart | 1 |
| What hormone helps increase blood sodium, & which gland secretes it | 1 |
| What hormone is antagonistic to it, & where is it secreted | 1 |
| Where does most chemical digestion occur? Most absorption? | 1 |
| What part of the brain is responsible for conscious thought | 1 |
| What are the ions important in nerve impulse transmission | 1 |
| Which is higher in concentration inside, & outside during the resting potential | 1 |
| Which is higher in concentration inside, & outside during an action potential | 1 |
| What is mitosis, & where does it occur? Meiosis? | 11 |
| What brain area is considered the link between the endocrine & nervous systems | 1 |
| How does the kidney help maintain acid/base balance of the blood | 1 |
| How does the hypothalamus connect to the posterior pituitary? The anterior? | 1 |
| What are the sinuses | 1 |
| What are the two exteriochemical senses | 1 |
| What are the two hormones produced by the hypothalamus & stored in the posterior pituitary | 1 |
| What are the specialized photoreceptors found in the retina which detect color | 1 |
| What is transcription? Translation? | 1 |
| What is the phenotype? The genotype? | 1 |
| What is the refractory period | 1 |
| What are the otoliths, where are they found, & what sense are they involved in | 1 |
| What is flexion/extension? Adduction/abduction? | 1 |
| What is 1 +1? | 2 |
| What is a tendon? A ligament? | 1 |
| What is a capillary | 1 |
| What is external respiration? Internal? | 1 |
| What is the substance secreted by the pancreas to help neutralize chyme | 1 |
| What are the three parts of a neuron | 1 |
| What is an effector | 1 |
| What does the vagus nerve (X) innervate? What # is it? | 1 |
| What is plasma | 1 |
| What type of connective tissue stores fat, & protects internal organs | 1 |
| Where does fertilization usually occur, & what is the first solid ball of cells called | 1 |
| What gonadotrophin stimulates follicular development within the ovary | 1 |
| What is homeostasis | 1 |
| What are the main systems that over-see it | 1 |
| How is CO2 is transported through the bloodstream | 1 |
| What by-product of protein metabolism is formed in the liver & excreted by the kidney | 1 |
| What is the fluid found in the posterior chamber of the eye | 1 |
| What does the epiglottis do | 1 |
| What is the stress gland, & what are the hormones produced by it in response to short-term stress | 1 |
| What is the neurotransmitter found at all neuromuscular junctions | 1 |
| What part of the brain that coordinates muscle activity | 1 |
| What is a zygote | 1 |
| How many chromosomes does it have, & is it haploid or diploid | 1 |
| Which enzyme breaks down fats, & what does it form | 1 |
| What is bile | 1 |
| Where is it produced | 1 |
| Where is it stored | 1 |
| What is gamete formation called | 1 |
| What's another name for the cell membrane | 1 |
| What is phagocytosis | 1 |
| Where in the cell are proteins modified & packaged for transport | 1 |
| What happens to signal the end of stage II labor? Stage III? | 1 |
| What is the energy currency of the cell | 1 |
| Where does cell respiration take place in the cell, & what does it used to produce energy | 1 |
| How much ATP is produced during cell respiration from one molecule of glucose | 1 |
| Which cell respiration pathway produces the most ATP | 1 |
| What three major elements does a carbohydrate contain, & how many calories per gram of food does it provide | 1 |
| What is systole? Diastole? | 1 |
| How many calories per gram of food does fat provide? Protein? | 1 |
| What is the sliding filament theory is a theory, & which two protein filaments are involved | 1 |
| Which root of a spinal nerve is afferent, & which is efferent | 1 |
| What retinal layer is the optic nerve formed from/ Which # is it? | 1 |
| Which lobe of the cerebral cortex does this nerve enter | 1 |
| Where is genetic information stored in the cell | 1 |
| What is the term used for high blood pressure | 1 |
| What is a thrombocyte | 1 |
| What is an antagonistic hormone | 1 |
| What does the sperm release to help propel it toward the egg | 1 |
| Which embryonic germ layer forms the muscles | 1 |
| When ATP breaks down, what does it yield | 1 |
| Where in the testes is the sperm is produced, & which gonadotropin governs it production | 1 |
| Where in the testes is testosterone produced, & what gonadotrophin governs it production | 1 |
| Give two functions of the circulatory system | 1 |
| Give four ways that the kidney contributes to homeostasis | 1 |
| Give one (GOOD) example of how the endocrine & nervous system work together to help maintain homeostasis | 1 |
| (HINT: Think hypothalamus & pituitary gland) | Good. |
| Give two ways that white blood cells help fight infection | 1 |
| Besides bringing oxygen to the tissues & removing CO2, give two good ways that the respiratory system contributed to homeostasis | 1 |
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