B-class ch.27
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Abrasion | A scratch or scrape. |
| Air Embolus | A bubble of air in the blood stream. |
| Amputation | The surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity. |
| Avulsion | The tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term is used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its socket. |
| Bandage | Any material used to hold a dressing in place. |
| Closed Wound | An internal injury with no open pathway from the outside. |
| Contusion | Bruise. |
| Crush Injury | An injury caused when force is transmitted from the body's exterior to its internal structures. Bones can be broken, muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged, and internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding. |
| Dermis | The inner (second) layer of the skin found beneath the epidermis. It is rich in blood vessels and nerves. |
| Dressing | Any material (preferably sterile) used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding and help prevent additional contamination. |
| Epidermis | The outer layer of skin. |
| Evisceration | An intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen. |
| Full-thickness Burn | A burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a third-degree burn. |
| Hematoma | A swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel. |
| Laceration | A cut. |
| Occlusive Dressing | Any dressing that forms an airtight seal. |
| Open Wound | An injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath. |
| Partial-thickness Burn | A burn in which the epidermis (first layer of skin) is burned through and the dermis (second layer) is damaged. Burns of this type cause reddening, blistering, and a mottled appearance. Also called a second degree burn. |
| Pressure Dressing | A dressing applied tightly to control bleeding. |
| Puncture Wound | An open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlaying tissues. A penetrating puncture wound can be shallow or deep. A perforating puncture wound has both an entrance and an exit wound. |
| Rule of Nines | A method for estimating the extent of a burn. For an adult, each of the following areas represents 9% of the body surface: the head and neck, each upper extremity, the chest, the abdomen, the upper back, the lower back, and the buttocks, the front of each lower extremity, and the back of each lower extremity. The remaining 1% is assigned to the genital region. For an infant or child the percentages are modified so that 18% is assigned to the head, 14% to each lower extremity. |
| Rule of Palm | A method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm of the patients hand, which equals about 1% of the body's surface area, is compared with the patient's burn to estimate its size. |
| Sucutaneous Layers | The layers of fat and soft tissue found below the dermis. |
| Sucking Chest Wound | An open chest wound in which air is "sucked" into the chest cavity. |
| Superficial Burn | A burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. An example is a sunburn. Also called a first degree burn. |
| Universal Dressing | A bulky dressing. |
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