| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Arabian Peninsula | South of Asia Minor, home of Arabs |
| Sheikh | chief of Bedouin tribe |
| Makkah (Mecca) | market town, most holy place in Islam |
| Muhammed | Prophet of Islam |
| Revelation | vision |
| Madinah Compact | a compact that laid the foundation for an Islamic state |
| Quran (Koran) | holy book of Islam |
| Muslim | follower of Islam |
| Shari'ah | body of law based on Islamic moral principles |
| FIve Pillars of Islam | Faith, Prayer, Fasting, Alms, Pilgrimage |
| Hajj | Pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetime. |
| Caliph | leader who guided te Islamic community's daily affairs |
| Abu Bakr | First caliph |
| Jihad | holy struggle to bring Islam to everyone |
| Sunni | believe caliph is a leader, not religious authority; followers of Mu'awiyah |
| Shiite | believe caliphs can only be held by descentdants of Muhammed; followers of Ali |
| Baghdad | heart of Assabid empire |
| Madrasas | religious schoola |
| Bazaar | Marketplace |
| Ma'mun | founded House of Wisdom |
| al-Razi | reowned chemist and physican, classfied substances as vegetable, mineral, or animal |
| Calligraphy | art of elegant handwriting |
| Arabesques | geometric designs with plant stems, leaves, flowers, and stars |
| Kilida and Dimna | animal fables that teach moral lessons |
| Omar Khayyám | wrote Rubaiyat, a persian mathematician and poet |
| Moses Maimonides | wrote Mishe Torah, tried to reconcile Aristole and Judaism |
| Chronicles | accounts in which events are presented in the order they occured |
| Ibn-Khaldun | first Muslim historian to look at history scientifically |
| Harun al-Rashid | ruled under Assabid empire's height |
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