| Term | Definition |
|---|
| anadiplosis | the repitition of the last word of one clause beginning of the following clause. ex. He is a man of loyalty—loyalty always firm. |
| anaphora | the reptition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses. ex. "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills" (Winston S. Churchill). |
| anecdote | a britef narrative offered in the text to catch reader's attention or to support a claim. |
| antithesis | the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas, often parallel structure. ex. "Place your virtues on a pedestal; put your vices under a rock." |
| appositive | a noun or noun phrase that follows another noun immediately or defines or amplifies the meaning. ex. |
| antimetabole | A figure in which the same words or ideas are repeated in transposed order. |
| asyndeton | the omission of conjunctions, as in “He has provided the poor with jobs, with opportunity, with self-respect.” |
| begging the question | the situation that results when a writer or speaker constructs an argument on an assumption that the audience does not accept |
| climax | the arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in increasing of importance |
| connotation | the implied meaning of a word , in contrast to its directly expressed "dictionary" meaning |
| deductive reasoning | reasoning that begins with the general principle and concludes with a specific instance that demonstrates the general principle ex. cause to effect |
| inductive reasoning | reasoning that begins by citing a number of specific instances or examples and then shows how collectively they constitute a general principle. ex. effect to cause |
| epistrophe | the reptition of groups of words at the end of a succesive clause. ex. "They saw no evil, they spoke no evil, and they heard no evil." |
| hyperbole | an exaggeration for effect |
| irony | writing or speaking that implies the contrary of what is actually written or spoken |
| jargon | the specialized vocab of a particular group |
| litotes | understatement. ex. "saying 'I was not a little upset' when you mean 'I was very upset' is an example of litotes" |
| metonymy | an entity referred to by one of its attribtes or asociations . ex. "The admissions office claims applications have risen." |
| oxymoron | juxtposedwords with seemingly contradictory meanings. ex. "jumbo shrimp" |
| parallelism | a set of similarily structured words, phrases, or clauses that appear in a sent. or paragraph |
| periphrasis | the substitution of an attributive phrase or word for a proper name to suggest a personality trait. ex. That young pop singer thinks she is a real Madonna, doesn't she?" |
| major premise | a genaral statement/the predicate of the conclusion, part of syllogism |
| minor premise | a specific statement/subject of the conclusion. part of syllogism |
| pun | a play on words. ex. "Bright lights attract flies and celebrity watchers." |
| sarcasm | the use of mockery or bitter irony |
| syllogism | logical reasoning in an inarguable premises |
| symbol | in a text, an element that stands for more than itself, and therefore, helps to convey theme |
| synedoche | a part of something which refers to whole. ex. "50 head of cattle" referring to 50 complete animals |
Combine with other sets
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