Chapter 13 Physical Science Review
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Joule | Unit of measure for work |
| block and tackle | system of pulleys that multiplies mechanical advantage |
| efficiency | comparison between the amount of work put in to a machine and the amount of work the machine produces |
| effort distance | the distance you must move to operate a machine |
| effort force | the force you must apply to operate the machine |
| first class lever | a lever in which the fulcrum is between the load and the effort |
| fluid | anything that flows |
| fulcrum | the pivot point on a lever |
| inclined plane | also known as a ramp |
| lever | a board or bar that can be used to lift something |
| load distance | the distance the machine moves the load |
| load | the thing being pushed, pulled, or moved by a machine. Also called the job |
| machine | a mechanical device that helps us do work |
| mechanical advantage | the force a machine applies to an object compared to the force you apply to the machine |
| power | the rate at which work is done |
| pulley | a device that uses a grooved wheel and rope to lift an object |
| screw | an inclined plane wrapped around a cone or cylinder |
| second class lever | the load is between the fulcrum and the effort |
| third class lever | the effort is between the load and the fulcrum |
| watt | unit of measure for power |
| wedge | used to cut things apart or clamp things together |
| work | a force applied over a distance |
| wheel and axle | two circles rigidly attached to each other |
| load force | the force the machine applies to the load (the thing being moved) |
| simple machine | there are six of these; they have helped people do work for many centuries |
| energy | the capacity of a physical system to do work |
| kinetic energy | energy an object has because it is in motion |
| potential energy | energy an object has because of its position |
| gravitational potential energy | energy an object has due to its position above the ground |
| law of conservation of energy | the law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another |
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