| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Cellulose | Component of the cell wall of plants |
| Leaf | Primary part of the plant used for photosynthesis |
| Monocot | Parallel leaf venation |
| Flower | Reproductive part of an anthophyte |
| Moist environment | Necessary to transport sperm and for diffusion of water and nutrients in nonvascular plants |
| Sclerenchyma | Type of plant cell with thick, rigid cell walls |
| Ethylene gas | Hormone which helps ripen fruits |
| Complete Flower | Contains both stamen (male) and pistil (female) parts |
| Prothallus | Fern spore germinates into a heart-shaped structure |
| Wind | Seed dispersal mechanism using hairy plumes |
| Animal fur | Seed dispersal mechanism using hooks and barbs |
| Netted veins | Dicot leaf has this venation |
| Phloem | Transports sugars down a plant from the leaves |
| Phototropism | Plant's response to light |
| Archegonia | Female reproductive part of a nonvascular plant |
| Annuals | Anthophyte that lives for only one year |
| Structures of a leaf | Parenchyma cells, stomata, epidermis, veins, guard cells |
| Conifers | Plant type that has naked seeds |
| Anthophytes | Flowering plants with enclosed seeds and fruit |
| Bilateral Symmetry | Symmetry of worms, butterflies and man |
| One | Number of body segments of a tick |
| Two | Number of body segments of a spider |
| Three | Number of body segments of insects |
| Complete Metamorphosis | Egg, larve, pupa, adult |
| Incomplete Metamorphosis | Egg, nymph adult |
| Six | Number of walking legs of insects |
| Eight | Number of walking legs of spider |
| Trichina Worms | Undercooked pork may contain |
| Nematocysts | stinging cells that discharge when tentacles are touched |
| Jointed appendages | Most distinguishing characteristics of arthropods |
| Stinging tentacles | Cnidarians capture food with |
| Molt | Process of shedding exoskeleton while new one grows beneath old on |
| Gills | Aquatic arthropods breathe using these |
| Filter feed | Sponges and other sessile organisms feed by what means? |
| Coral | Group of Cnidarians that provide food, shelter for other organisms |
| Antennae | Part of insect that senses vibrations, food, and pheremones |
| Planarian | Flat worm with a pharynx |
| Radial | Symmetry of sea star and sea urchin |
| fish | Vertebrate with a 2- chambered heart |
| test chemicals in air | reason snakes flick out their tongues |
| Feathers | Distinguishing characteristic of birds |
| Teeth | Mammals are classified by their |
| Tympanic Membrane | Amphibians organ to sense vibrations from water or air |
| Placental | Mammal type that fully develops in uterus with umbilical cord |
| Lamprey and Hagfish | Two fish that lack jaws |
| Osteichthyes | Class of bony fish |
| Amphibians | Vertebrate characterized with thin, moist skin |
| Jacobson's organ | Sense organ on snake's roof of mouth which detects airborne chemicals |
| Lateral line | Fish sense organ which detects vibrations and movement in the water |
| Platypus and Echidna | Two examples of egg laying Monotremes |
| Australia | Most marsupials are located here |
| Smooth | Muscle type of internal organs |
| Conserves body heat | Main advantage of hair |
| smell, sound, touch | Three ways animals communicate |
| Imprinting | Attachment behavior at a critical time in life |
| Trial and Error | Behavior where an animal receives a reward |
| Involuntary | Muscle contractions that are not controlled |
| Territorial behavior | type of behavior in which an animal protects his home area |
| Pheromone | Chemical animal communicates with |
| circadian rhythm | 24-hour cycle of an animal |
| Pavlov | Biologist who demonstrated conditioning in dogs |
| Aggression | Animal behavior where they are showing agitation toward another |
| Cardiac | Heart muscle type |
| Lichen | Mutual relationship between a fungus and algae |
| Mycorrhizae | Mutual relationship between fungus and plant roots |
| Shape | Bacteria is identified by their |
| Conjugation | Sexual reproduction in bacteria exchanging genetic information |
| Bacteriophage | Virus that infects bacterial cells |
| Nonliving | Viruses are classified as |
| Penicillin | Causes holes in cell walls of bacteria killing them |
| Dinoflagellates | plant-like protist that causes red tide |
| sexual spores | Fungus is classified by their |
| Decomposers | Fungi and bacteria are considered this since they can transform complex molecules into simpler raw materials |
| Flagellate | Protozoan with a whip-like tail |
| Cilia | Short hair-like structures on a paramecium |
| Diatoms | Plant-like Protist made of various shells of silica |
| Protista | Kingdom of Eukaryotes, multi or unicellular includes algae and protozoans |
| Protozoan | Animal-like protist |
| Algae | Plant-like protist |
| Asexual | Reproduction that produces identical daughter cells as the parent cell. (binary fission and budding) |
| Aristotle | First to propose a taxonomic system |
| Scientific Name | Composed of genus and species |
| binomial nomenclature | A two word naming system |
| Latin | Language used for scientific names |
| Taxonomy | Science of grouping and naming organisms |
| Classification | Placing of information or objects into groups based on similarities |
| Dichotomous Key | step by step approach to identify an organism using a series of paired descriptions |
| Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species | 7 Levels of Classification in order |
| Animalia | Kingdom of insects, worms, sponges and elephants |
| Genus | First word of the scientific name |
| Plantae | Kingdom of mosses, conifers and flowering plants |
| Fungi | Kingdom of mushrooms, puffballs and yeast |
| Archeabacteria and Eubacteria | Two kingdoms of prokaryotic cells |
| Protista | Kingdom of plant-like (algae) and animal-like (protozoans) organisms |
| Animalia | Kingdom of all eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multicellular organisms |
| Plantae | Kingdom of all autotrophic and multicellular organisms |
| H, methane, ammonia, and water vapor | Evolutionary belief of gasses in the primitive atmosphere |
| small pools of amino acids | 1950 Evolutionary belief where life came from |
| Spontaneous Generation | Widely accepted view of life coming from nothing before Biogenesis was accepted |
| Cenozoic | Evolutionary Era when Human were thought to "evolve" |
| 4.6 Billion Years | Evolutionary time line when earth was supposedly formed |
| Cyanobacteria | Evolutionary viewpoint on first group of organisms to evolve |
| Urey and Miller | Scientists who tried to conduct an experiment to prove life came from earth's ancient conditions |
| Darwin | Founder of modern evolution theory |
| Prosimians | Group of lemurs and tarsiers |
| Homologous Structures | Evolutionary idea that the wing of a bat is common to the arm of a human |
| Vestigial Organs | The name of the Evolutionary idea that some organs no longer function |
| Camouflage | The ability an animal has to blend in with it's surroundings |
| Mimicry | Ability of an animal to look like another more harmful animal |
| Natural Selection | Evolution idea that nature selects which characteristics will continue in an animal population |
| Mutations | The mechanism by which evolutionist believe species change over time |
| Range of Tolerance | Animals ability to withstand environmental fluctuations |
| Autotrophs | Organisms that can convert light into chemical energy |
| Ovary | Organ which produces the female egg |
| Testis | Organ which produces the male sperm |
| Uterus | Female organ where a fetus develops |
| Bacteria | Gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia are all caused by |
| Tail, head, mitochondria | Three parts of the male sperm |
| Alveoli | Small sacs of the lungs where gas exchange takes place |
| Lymphatic | Body system that helps recover body fluids and returns it to the blood |
| Invasive species | Species not native to a given area |
| Cocaine | Drug that causes brain neurotransmitter levels to increase |
| Cones | Part of the retina that allows you to see color |
| Central nervous system | Brain and spinal cord |
| Kidneys | Organs that collect waste from cells and maintains the bodies homeostasis |
| Sensory neurons | Carries impulses from environment to brain/spinal cord |
| Motor neurons | Carries impulses from brain/spinal cord to muscles |
| Puberty | Menstrual cycle begins during the stage |
| Viruses | Causes genital herpes, warts and AIDS |
| HIV | virus which weakens the immune system |
| Endocrine System | System which produces hormones for the body |
| Depressant | Type of drug which slows down and reduces nervous system activity |
| Purple | Color of Gram positive stained bacteria |
| Pink | Color of Gram negative stained bacteria |
| Intelligent Design | Theory which suggests all life is complex and best explained by an intelligent cause |
| Melanin | Pigment that causes various shade of skin color |
| Antediluvian | Term used to refer to "before the flood" |
| Yom | Hebrew word used for "day" typically written for describing a 24 hour period |
| Sin | Biblical understanding of the cause of death, disease, blood shed |
| 2 Timothy 3: 16-17 | "All scripture is God breathed, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness..." |
| Romans 5:12 | "by one man sin entered the world, and death by sin..." |
| Europe | Shem's descendants migrated to this area |
| Africa | Ham's descendants migrated to this area |
| Asia | Japheth's descendants migrated to this area |
| Tower of Babel dispersion | What Biblical event caused smaller population sizes and disrupted genetic equilibrium |
| .2% | The percent difference of any two people in the world |
| over hunting and harsh environmental conditions | Possible reasons for dinosaurs being extent |
| Job | Book of the Bible that contains descriptions of animals similar to dinosaurs |
| Micro-evolution | Changes in animals that are limited to the species gene pool |
| Macro-evolution | Changes in animals that require beneficial mutations involving addition of new information into the DNA |
| Presuppositions | Initial starting belief of a person that determines their viewpoint concerning the origin of life |
| Habitat Loss | Greatest threat to animal diversity |
| Invasive species | Animals considered not native to an area they inhabit |
| Root | Part of plant that functions in absorption of water and minerals and anchors the plant |
| Round | Hook, Pin, and Heart worms are all considered ___________ worms. |
| Segmented | Leech and earthworms are ___________ worms. |
| Alternation of Generations | Life cycle of organisms that switch from asexual to sexual reproduction |
| Archaebacteria | Kingdom of bacteria that live in extreme environments |
| Habitat fragmentation | Building a road in the middle of an ecosystem is an example of... |
| Niche | A role an organism has in an environment...like being a predator |
| Energy | _________ decreases as you move from one trophic level to the next |
| Habitat | Where an organism lives... |
| Mutualism | A symbiotic relationship when both organisms benefit from the relationship... |
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