chapter 26:phylogeny
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 morphology | similar characteristics in related organisms |
| analogies | similar coincidences from convergent evolution |
| homoplasies | analagous structures |
| monophyletic | clade with all decendents of an ancestor |
| paraphyletic | clade with some decendents of an ancestor |
| polyphyletic | includes taxa with different ancestors |
| shared ancestral characteristics | from ancestor of taxon |
| shared derived characteristics | distinct to clade |
| maximum parsimony | simplest explanation (=most reliable) |
| orthologous genes | homologous genes from speciatoin |
| paralogous genes | found in multiple copies in the same genome (repetitions) |
| What is the difference between Phylogeny and Systematics? | phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species, while systematics is a method in which phylogeny may be categorized. |
| phylogenies show evolutionary relationships through... | shared traits |
| phylogenic trees show the order of... | common ancestors |
| the more complex similarities between two organisms... | the greater chance they are related |
| true/false, molecular homoplasies are possible | true |
| the greater the parsimony... | the simpler and more reliable it is |
| true/false molecular clocks are constant | false--they only show order, but do not assign a specific time period |
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