1.
Akkadians: Semitic people who conquered the Sumerians. Kings include Sargon I and Hammurabi. Developed the Babylonian number system based on 60. Developed chariots.
2.
Assyrians: Capitol was Ninevah at the time of Jonah. Conquered the norther 10 tribes of Israel in 721 BC. Large gates and walls.
3.
Hammurabi: Established first known set of laws.
4.
Hittites: Knew how to smelt and form iron. Overtook the Akkadians around 1650 BC.
5.
How did people solve the problem of salts that accumulated over time due to flooding.: An irrigation system that flushed water from the higher Euphrates to the lower Tigris.
6.
How did people solve the timing problem of the Tigris and Euphrates flooding?: A series of dams, catch basins, and canals for irrigation.
7.
Mesopotamia: The fertile are between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
8.
Persians: Huge empire with riches. Adept at celestial measurements and developed the zodiac.
9.
Phoenicians: Advanced traders. Developed the alphabet. Invented the dye for royal purple. Credited for inventing glass.
10.
Sargon I: The first Akkadian king. Created the first standing army. Creatively controlled his expanding territories by establishing royal supervisors.
11.
Sumerians: The first to develop wheeled vehicles for practical purposes. Developed Cuneiform. Built ziggurats.
12.
Ziggurats: Sumerian temples made of sun-dried bricks. One is traditionally associated with the Tower of Babel.