Child Psychology - Chap 6
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Emotions | subjective reactions, experienced cognitively, communicated by behavior |
| Function of Emotion | let others know how one feels, develop emotional intelligence |
| Emotional Development Perspective | Genetic-maturational, Learning, Cognitive, Functionalist |
| Genetic-Maturational Perspective | pre-wired, genetics |
| Newborn Emotions | distress, interest, surprise, smiles of pleasure |
| Late Infancy Emotions | social smiles (6wks), laughing (4mos), stranger wariness (4-9mos), separation anxiety (8-9mos, peak @ 15mos), social referencing (12mos) |
| 18-21 mos Development | confidence, shame, guilt, pride, embarrassment, jealousy (as a result of self-awareness) |
| Emotional Expression | gender differences as a result of socialization |
| Emotional Regulation | social pressure requires self-control, rules as a way of conforming to social norms |
| Learning Emotional Rules | based on imitation early-on, then appraising situation (influenced by culture)...understanding may occur as young as 2 |
| Emotional Regulation Influences | family: watching emotional reactions, type of home, parenting styles, termperments of two-way interactions |
| Attachment | closely related to emotional development, forms in second half of 1, evolves over first 2 years, evidence: separation protests |
| Attachment Theories | Psychoanalytical, Learning, Cognitive, Ethological |
| Psychoanalytical Attachment Theory | linked to gratification of innate drives |
| Learning Attachment Theory | Traditionally, primary drive of hunger is reduced by primary reinforcer (food) and secondary reinforcer (who feeds), Harlow: Contact comfort in stress |
| Cognitive Development Attachment Theory | specific attachment based on object permanence, physical proximity to attachment figures lessens in importance as children grow, psychological contact mainitained through words/smiles/looks |
| Bowlby's Ethological Attachment Theory | environment of evolutionary adaptedness, biological outcome, predictive outcome |
| Development of Attachment | precursor attachment behaviors, directed to 1 or few individuals (3mos), follows/grieves absence (8mos), goal-corrected partnership (18mos) |
| Ainsworth's Strange Situation | Strange situations, Secure (65%)/Avoidant(25%)/Resistant(10%)/Disorganized&disoriented |
| Maternal Predictors of Attachment | sensitivity to infant signals, contigent responding, stimulation, tender holding |
| Child Outcomes of Attachment | problem solving, compliance, leadership & curiousity, academic performance, social competence, adjustment to college |
| Nature/Quality of Attachment | parents transmit internal working models of attachment; unsatisfying effects can be overcome |
| Adult Attachment Interviews | AAI; Mary Main, cohesiveness of responses: autonomous, dismissing, preoccupied, unresolved |
| Child Care | effects (health, cognitive development, social development) dependent on quality & SES but studies only on high-quality care...high quality - more positive effects |
| Child Care Effects | depends on staff stability & training level (makes secure attachments) |
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