| Term | Definition |
|---|
| socio-political situation in 1st century Palestine | (6-4) BC Jesus was first born while Jews were occupied by Romans and everyone wanted freedom |
| Judaic Timeline | 3 kings of monarch-Saul (1020-1000), David (1000-961), Solomon (961-920) |
| occupiers of Israel | Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans |
| 63 BC | Jews were taken over by Romans |
| 587 | Temple destroyed |
| Expectation for a Mesiah | the one anointed by God; a new great king similar to David that would defeat the Romans and win independence but Jesus did not fit this description |
| Role of Elijah | he returns before the Messiah can exist |
| Passover | holiday |
| Seder | the symbollic meal |
| 1st quest (1694) | H.S. Reimarus- said Jesus was a failed revolutionary and his followers made up stories about him in attempts to start a religious movement |
| 2nd quest (1901) | Alber Schweitzer said Jesus was heroic but a deluded preacher and died hoping his death would usher in the kingdom |
| 3rd quest (1980) | Edward Schillebeek- said you must understand Jesus' background ( the life of a Palestinian Jew) to understand Jesus |
| Jesus as a tekton | carpenter, handyman |
| Jesus-Palestine | hebrews built glorious kingdom that then became oppressed country with hostility towards the corrupt Jewish rulers (Herodian family) |
| Jesus-Galilee | province, area of Jesus' ministry; spent most of life here as a carpenter |
| Jesus-Nazareth | Village where Jesus was born and raised; simple, communal lifestyle - Jesus could have learned compassion here |
| Jesus-Jerusalem | major city at time of Jesus; center of political and religious life |
| Essenes | broke away from Judaism because they thought it was corrupt so Jesus never came into contact with this group ; you had to be perfect so this group did not appeal to jesus |
| Zealots | extremists in terms of freedoms and used violent means to overthrow the gov't; rejected any cooperation with the Romans; opposed because of their violent methods |
| Sadducess (Sanhedrin) | wealthy, appointed by the Romas and were in charge of the Temple; were devoted to the Torah but obejcted oral tradition; very materialist. most contrasted from jesus |
| Scribes | theologians and master teachers of time period; attempted to trick Jesus in debate |
| Pharisees | in charge of synagogues; believed in life after death and oral tradition-- most common to Jesus |
| purpose of Jesus' ministry | Love God with all your heart, mind, soul, and love your neighbor and thyself |
| Moral Implications | need to have unconditional love and foregiveness to others, if youre loving you wont do bad things and you will have to change your ways, preferential option for the poor because they need more help |
| Kingdom of God | reversal of fortune; those who were poor will be rich right relationships |
| Parables | he taught using a story with deeper meaning |
| Table Fellowship | jesus ate with sinners, prostitutes |
| miracles | demonstrated God's power, made kingodom of God present |
| entrance into Jerusalem | Jesus came in on a donkey; symbolizes kingliness |
| Temple Action | Jesus flipped over tables in Temple, he was criticizing the ways Jews worshiped sacrifice in the Temple |
| Discipleship | needed to be willing to leave everything behind and follow him |
| Jesus as a healer | one had to have faith for a healing to occur; Jesus did not believe that if you were sick you had sinned; 2 aspects of healing= physical and spiritual |
| Jesus as a preacher | preaches about God and the kingdom of God; love & foregiveness |
| Jesus as a teacher | his major point of teaching was what he learned from experience of God as Abba-said treat others as you would want to be treated; taught from his own insight |
| Jesus & women | treated women as equals, "first feminist" |
| 2 source/synoptic theory | Mark and Q (means source) if there is a story in MT MK LK then it comes from Mark; if there is a story in Mt and Lk but not Mk it comes from Q |
| Q source | Quelle-unkown source |
| Mark | 60-65 wrote to a persecuted Christian community in Rome |
| Matthew | 70-80 wrote to Jewish converts |
| Luke | 75-85 wrote to poor gentile converts |
| John | 90-110 wrote to Jewish intellectual |
| Redemption | Jesus' death makes human beings good; we are now redeemable in the eys of God-our sins can be forgiven |
| Ransom | is death is paying back for our salvation |
| Atonement | Jesus' death gets us at one with God again; he pays for our sins |
| Justification | through Jesus' death and resurrection, human beings are made right with God |
| Satisfaction | developed by St. Anslem; death of Jesus satisfies God's infinite anger |
| Liberation | jesus as a liberator; he liberates us from our sins and social political injustice |
| ousia/subsistentia | substance, Jesus is born from the substance of the God but is not of the same essence |
| prosopon/persona | properties of each nature of Jesus come together to form one person (prosopon) |
| low Christology | developed in Antioch, emphasizes the humanity |
| low heresy | focuses on Jesus' humanity and rejects divinity |
| high christology | developed in alexandria, emphasizes divinity of Jesus |
| high heresy | focuses on Jesus' divinity and rejects humanity |
| Jesus as logos | understanding Jesus as the word of God |
| Jewish understanding | creative principle |
| greek understanding | principal of order |
| Ebionite (Jewish) | L said Jesus was Messiah but not son of God so he was not equal with Yahweh |
| Arianism | L claims Arius is the first son of God; Jesus is the first creation but not son of God |
| Monarchianism | H focuses on one rule of God and unity of Jesus as God |
| Monophocite | H Jesus has one will that is divine |
| Adoptionism | L Jesus was the adopted son of God |
| Gnosticism | H one needs secret knowledge to understand Jesus; believed spritual was holy and physical was corrupt |
| Nestorianism | neither L nor H claimed Jesus was both fully human and divine but the 2 natures did not interact with each other |
| Nicea | 325, Arian called by emperor Constantine to combat Arianism; said that Jesus was equal to God-> homo ousia (same substance/nature) |
| Ephesus | 431 combats Nestorian heresy; said 2 natures do interact--developed theotokos= godbearer |
| Chalcedon | 451 combats Monophocite; said Jesus has more than 1 will because he had 2 natures linked together |
| Constantinople | 381 developed trinity |
| trinity | 3 persons, 1 nature of God (substentia) made up of: Father, son, holy spirit |
Combine with other sets
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