| Term | Definition |
|---|
| calorimeter | unit of measure of the energy absorbed or released as heat in a chemical or physical change |
| enthalpy change | the amount of energy absorbed or lost by a system as heat during a process at constant pressure |
| heat | the energy transferred between samples of matter because of a difference in their temperatures |
| heat of combustion | the energy released as heat by the complete combustion of one mole of a substance |
| heat of reaction | the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction |
| Hess's law | the overall enthalpy change in a reaction equal to the sum of enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process |
| joule | the SI unit of heat, as well as all other forms of energy |
| molar heat of formation | the energy released or absorbed as heat when one mole of a compound is formed by combination of its element |
| specific heat | the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one Celsius degree or one Kelvin |
| temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter |
| thermochemical equation | an equation that includes the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during the reaction as written |
| thermochemistry | the study of the transfers of energy as heat that accompany chemical reactions and physical changes |
| entropy | a measure of the degree of randomness of the particles, as as molecules, in a system |
| free energy | combined enthalpy-entropy function of the system |
| free-energy change | the difference between the change in enthalpy and the product of the Kelvin temperature and the entropy change |
| activated complex | transitional structure that results from an effective collision and that persists while old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming |
| activation energy | the minimum energy required to transorm the reactants into an activated complex |
| collision theory | set of assumptions regarding collisions and reactions |
| homogeneous reaction | a reaction whose reactants and products exist in a single phase |
| intermediates | species that appear in some steps but not in the net equation |
| reaction mechanism | the step-by-step sequence of reactions by which the overall chemical change occurs |
| catalysis | the action of a catalyst |
| catalyst | a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being permanently consumed |
| chemical kinetics | the area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms |
| heterogeneous catalyst | a catalyst that is not in the same phase as all the reactants and products in a reaction system |
| heterogeneous reactions | involves reactants in two different phases |
| homogeneous catalyst | a catalyst that is in the same phase as all the ractants and products in a reaction system |
| rate-determining step | the slowest-rate step for the chemical reaction |
| rate law | an equation that relates reaction rate and concentrations of reactants |
| reaction rate | the change in concentration of reactants per unit time as a reaction proceeds |
Combine with other sets
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