| Term | Definition |
| Third-person objective | Narrator is an onlooker reporting the story |
| Third-person omniscient | Narrator reports story &provides info unknowon to the character(s) |
| Stage manager | Utilizes a character hwo comments omnisciently |
| Interior monologue | Reflects the inner htoughts of the character |
| Allusions | Mythological; biblical; historical; literary; political; contemporary |
| Ambiguity | Incongruous &contradictory interpretations of meaning (Joyce) |
| Allegory | Characters &events may be interpreted for both literal &symbolic meaning |
| Connotation | Implication suggested by a word/phrase rather than literal meaning |
| Denotation | Literal meaning of a word/phrase |