| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Endocrine glands | produce and release their chemical products directly into the bloodstream |
| hormone | the chemical product of an endocrine gland |
| target cells | cells that recognize the hormone's chemical structure |
| hypothalamus | the link between the two systems |
| pituitary gland | communicates whith the hypothalamus to control many body activities |
| negative feedback | a process in which a system is turned off by the condition it producesl; an important way that the body maintains homeostasis |
| egg | the femaile sex cell |
| sperm | the male sex cell |
| fertilization | the joing of a sperm and an egg |
| reproduction | the process by which living things produce new individuals of the same type |
| zygote | a fertilized egg, produced by the joining of a sperm and an egg |
| chromosomes | carry the information that controls inherited characteristics such as eye color and blood type |
| testes | the organs of the male reproductive system in which sperm are produced |
| testosterone | a hormone produced by the testes that controls the development of physical characteristics in men |
| scrotum | an external pouch of sin in which the testes are located |
| semen | a mixture of sperm cells and liquids |
| penis | the organ through which both semen and urine leave the male body |
| estrogen | triggers the development of some adult female characteristics |
| uterus | the hallow muscular organ of the female reproductive system in which a baby develops |
| overies | an organ of the female reproductive system in which eggs and estrogen are produced |
| menstrual cycle | the monthly cycle of changes that occurs in the female reproductive system |
| ovulation | the process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary into an oviduct; occurs about halfway through a typical menstrual cycle |
| menstruation | the extra blood and tissue of the thickened lining pass out of the body through the vagina |
| embryo | a developing human during the first eight weeks after fertilization has occured |
| amniotic sac | a fluid-filed sac that cushions and protects a developing fetus in the uterus |
| placenta | a membrane that becomes the link between the developing embryo or fetus and the mother |
| umbilical cord | a ropelike structure that forms in the ulterus between the embryo and the placenta |
| fetus | a developing human from the ninth week of development untill birth |
| adolescence | the stage of development between childhood and adulthood when children become adults physically and mentally |
| peer pressure | the pressure from friends and classmates to behave in certain ways |
| oviduct | a passageway for eggs from an ovary to the ureturs; where fertilization occurs |
| puberty | the period of sexual development during the teenage years in which the body becomes able to reproduce |
| vagina | a muscular passagewaythrough which a baby leaves the mother's body |
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