| Term | Definition |
|---|
| motivation | need or deisre that energizes and directs behavior |
| instinct | complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned |
| drive-reduction theory | idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need |
| homeostasis | tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; ex. regulation of blood glucose |
| incentive | positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior |
| hierarchy of needs | Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active |
| glucose | form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues |
| set point | point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set |
| basal metabolic rate | body's resting rate of energy expenditure |
| anorexia nervosa | eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve |
| bulimia nervosa | eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise |
| sexual response cycle | four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson |
| excitement phase | genital areas become engorged with blood |
| plateau phase | excitement peaks as breathing, pulse, and blood pressure rates continue to increase |
| orgasm | further increases in breathing, pulse, and blood pressure |
| resolution phase | male enters refractory period during which he is incapable of having another orgasm |
| refractory period | resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm |
| sexual disorder | problem that consistently impairs a sexual arousal or functioning |
| estrogen | sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by female than males |
| testosterone | most important of the male sex hormones |
| sexual orientation | enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex or the other sex |
| flow | completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time |
| structured interviews | interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants |
| achievement motivation | desire for significant accomplishment |
| task leadership | goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals |
| social leadership | group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support |
Combine with other sets
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