ch 3 rocks
Order by
45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 name the three types of rocks | igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic |
| a rock formed by the concentration of magma or lava | igneous |
| process when molten rock cooks and solidifies | crystallization |
| molten materiel found inside the earth that is composed of melted rock and gases | magma |
| what magma turns into after it has reached the surface | lava |
| when lava undergoes crystallization what does it form? | igneous rock |
| when igneous rock undergoes weathering what does it form? | sediment |
| when sediment undergoes lithification what does it form? | sedimentary rock |
| formed from the weathered products of pre-existing rocks which have been transported, depoisted, and lithified | sedimentary rock |
| rock formed by the alteration of pre-existing rock due to high pressure and heat | metamorphic rock |
| an example of volcanic rock | lava |
| volcanic rock is a) extrusive b) intrusive | extrusive |
| plutonic rock is a) extrusive b) intrusive | intrusive |
| when does magma crystalize? | when the vibrations, due to heat, is greater than the chemical bonding energy |
| when does magma solidify? | when the chemical bonding energy is greater than the vibrational energy |
| what does a small crystal size mean? | the rate of coooling was fast |
| what does very rapid, instaneous, cooling produce? | glass |
| the size and arrangement of crystals or particles in a rock | texture |
| crystals are microscopic | anphanetic |
| phaneritic | crystals are visible |
| poryphonetic | rock with large crystals in a small matrix |
| what do poryphenetic rocks indicate? | that there were two periods of cooling |
| the large crystals within a poryphonetic rock are called what? | phenocrysts |
| the matrix of a polyphornetic rock is called what? | the ground mass |
| rock is covered in cavaties and has a sponge-like apperance | vesicular |
| a rock that is composed of many different rock fragments | pyroclastic |
| what does bowen's reaction series show? | that when crystallization occurs, the minerals form in a pattern |
| name the order in which the minerals form in bowen's reaction series? | olivine, proxyene, amphibole, biotite, k-feld, muscovite, quartz |
| felsic rocks have what kind of visosity? | thick |
| mafic rocks have what kind of viscosity? | thin |
| what kind of eruption is more explosive felsic or mafic? | felsic |
| what is the color of felsic rocks? | tan or creamy |
| what is the color of intermediate rocks? | green or dark purple |
| what is the color of mafic rocks? | dark black |
| what determines silicon content? | level of viscosity |
| name the three, in order, volcanic rocks | rhyloilite, andisite, balsalt |
| name the three plutonic rocks, in order | granite, diorite gabbro |
| name the five silicate mineral groups | 1) olivine 2) pyroxene 3) amphibole 4) mica 5) frame-work group |
| name the seven non-silicate mineral? | 1) sulfides 2) carbonites 3) halides 4) oxides 5) sulfates 6) phosphates 7) nature elements |
| why does mafic magma reach the surface much more often than silic (felsic) magma | mafic magma is high in iron (fe) and magnesium. They are low in silicon so they are very thin and therefore less viscous so they can reach the surface quicker |
| igneous rock forms ______ by ______( what process) | sediment, by weathering |
| sedimint then forms _________ (what) by (what process?) | sedimentary rock, by lithification |
| sedimentary rock then forms what type of rock by what process? | metamorphic rock, metamorphism |
| metamorphipc rock then forms ______ by what process | magma by deep burrial |
| magma forms ___ by cooling and solidifying | igneous rock |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.