Chapter 8
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Created by:
KierraDawn on September 17, 2010
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 During the period of fighting between April 1775 and July 1776, the colonists claimed that their goal was..... | b. to restore their rights within the British Empire. |
| George Washington proved to be an especially effective commander of American forces in the Revolution because... | c. of his intergrity, courage, and moral forcefulness. |
| The bold American military strategy tat narrowly failed in December 1775 involved... | b. an invasion of Canada by generals Arnold and Montgomery. |
| Many of the German Hessian soldiers hired by King George III to fight for the British... | d. had little loyalty to the British cause and ended up deserting. |
| Thomas Paine's appeal for a new republican form of government attracted many Americans because.... | b. their own experience with local and colonial democratic governance had prepared them for the idea. |
| Paine's Common Sense was crucial in convincing many Americans that what they should fight for was.... | d. an independent and republican America seperate from Britain. |
| The Loyalists were particulary strong among... | a. conservative and well-off Americans. |
| Besides George Washington, the most militarily effective American officer in the early campaigns of 1776 and 1777 was... | c. General Benedict Arnold. |
| The Battle of Saratoga was a key turning point of the War for Independence because... | b. it brought about crucial French assistance to the Revolutionary cause. |
| The primary reason that Americans were willing to enter a military and diplomatic alliance with France in 1778 was... | a. the practical self-interest of needing assistance to defeat the British. |
| The British especially relied on the numerous Loyalists to aid them in fighting the Patriots... | d. in the Carolinas. |
| Most of the Six Nations of the Iroquois under Joseph Brant fought against the American revolutionaries because... | b. they beliebed that a victorious Britain would contain westward American expansion. |
| The British defeat at Yorktown was brought about by George Washington's army and | a. the French navy under Admiral de Grasse. |
| In the peace negotiations at Paris, the French wanted the Americans... | c. to acquire only the territory east of the Appalachian Mountains. |
| The British yielded the Americans a generous peace treaty that included the werstern territories primarily because of..... | a. the desire of the weak Whig ministry in London for friendly future relations with the United States. |
| Second Continental Congress | The body that chose George Washington commander of the Continental Army. |
| Canada | The British colony that Americans invaded in hopes of adding it the rebellious thirteen. |
| Common Sense | The inflammatory pamphlet that demanded independence and heaped scorn on "the Royal Brute of Great Britain." |
| Declaration of Independence | The document that provided a lengthy explanation and justification of Richard Henry Lee's resolution that was passed by Congress on July 2, 1776. |
| Whigs | The term by which the American Patriots were commonly known, to distinguish them from the American "Tories." |
| Loyalists | Another name for the American Tories. |
| Anglican | The church body most closely linked with Tory sentiment, except in Virginia. |
| Hudson | The river valley that was the focus of Britain's early military strategy and the scene of Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga in 1777. |
| Armed Neutrality | Term for the alliance of Catherine the Great of Russia and other European powers who did not declare war but assumed a hostile neutrality toward Britain. |
| South | The region that saw some of the Revolution's most bitter fighting, from 1780 to 1782, between American General Greene and British General Cornwallis. |
| Privateers | "Legalized pirates," more than a thousand strong, who inflicted heavy damage on British shipping. |
| Whigs | British political party that replaced Lord North's Tories in 1782 and made a generous treaty with the United States. |
| Mississippi River | The western Boundary of the US established in the Treaty of Paris. |
| Militiamen | The irregular American troops who played a crucial role in swaying the neutral civilian population toward the Patriot cause. |
| Holland | The other European nation besides France and Spain that supported the American Revolution by declaring war on Britain. |
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