Medical Terms F, G, H
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Created by:
Katy8910 on September 20, 2010
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Creighton University Pharmacy Class of 2014
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103 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fallopian tubes | Two tubes that lead from the ovaries to the uterus. They transport egg cells to the uterus; also called uterine tubes. |
| Family medicine | Primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis. |
| Family practitioner | Doctor responsible for primary care and treatment of patients on a continuing basis. |
| Fatigue | State of exhaustion or loss of strength. |
| Feces | Waste material from the digestive tract that is expelled from the body through the rectum and anus. |
| Fellowship training | Postgraduate training for doctors in specialized fields. The training may include CLINICAL and REASEARCH (laboratory) work. |
| Female reproductive system | Organs (OVARIES) that produce and transport (FALLOPIAN TUBES) egg cells and secrete female hormones (ESTROGEN and PROGEESTERONE). This system includes the uterus, where the embryo and fetus grow. |
| Femur | Thigh bone. |
| Fibrillation | Rapid, irregular, involuntary muscular contraction. Atrial and ventricular fibrillation are cardiac (heart) ARRHTHMIAS). |
| Fibroid | Benign growth of muscle in the uterus. |
| Fibrosarcoma | Malignant tumor of fibrous tissue. |
| Fibula | Smaller lower leg bone. |
| Fistula | Abnormal passageway from an internal organ to the body surface or between two internal organs. |
| Fixation | Act of holding, saving, or fastening a part in a fixed position. |
| Flutter | Rapid but regular, abnormal heart muscle contraction. Atrial and ventricular flutter are heart ARRHYTHMIAS. |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone | A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate the egg cells in the ovaries. |
| Fracture | Breaking of a bone. |
| Frontal | Pertaining to the front; anterior. |
| Frontal plane | An up-and-down plane that divides the body or an organ into front and back portions; the coronal plane. |
| Gallbladder | Sac below the liver that stores bile and delivers it to the small intestines. |
| Ganglion | Benign cyst near a joint (wrist); also, a group of nerve cells (plural: ganglia). |
| Gastralgia | Stomach pain |
| Gastrectomy | Excision (removal) of the stomach. |
| Gastric | Pertaining to the stomach. |
| Gastritis | Inflammation of the stomach. |
| Gastroenterologist | Specialist in the treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders. |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and intestines. |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | A condition marked by backflow (reflux) of contents of the stomach into the esophagus. Abbreviation is GERD. |
| Gastrojejunostomy | New surgical opening between the stomach and the jejunum (second part of the small intestine). This procedure is an anastomosis. |
| Gastroscope | Instrument used to view the stomach. It is passes down the throat and esophagus into the stomach. |
| Gastroscopy | Visual examination of the stomach. |
| Gastrotomy | Incision of the stomach. |
| GERD | See GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE. |
| Geriatric | Pertaining to treatment of older people. |
| Geriatrician | Specialist in the treatment or diseases of old age. |
| Geriatrics | Treatment of disorders of old age. |
| Gestation | Growth of the fetus that occurs during pregnancy. |
| Gland | Group of cells that secretes chemicals to the outside of the body (EXOCRINE GLANDS) or hormones directly into the bloodstream (ENDOCRINE GLANDS). |
| Glaucoma | Increase of fluid pressure within the eye. Fluid is formed more rapidly than it is removed. The increased pressure damages sensitive cells in the back of the eye, and vision is disturbed. |
| Glial cells | Supporting cells of nervous tissue in the brain. Examples are astrocytes and microglial and olidendroglial cells. These cells are the source or primary brain tumors. |
| Glioblastoma | Malignant brain tumor composed of immature (-BLAST) glial (supportive nervous tissue) cells. |
| Glucocorticoid | Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland (cortex) to raise blood sugar levels. Examples are cortisone and cortisol. |
| Glycosuria | Abnormal condition of sugar in the urine. |
| Goiter | Enlargement of the thyroid gland. |
| Gonorrhea | Sexually transmitted disease most often affecting the reproductive and urinary tracts and caused by infection with bacteria (Neisseria gonorrhoeae). |
| Gout | See GOUTY ARTHRITIS. |
| Gouty arthritis | Deposits of uric acid crystals in joints and other tissues that cause swelling and inflammation of joints. Also called GOUT. |
| Graves disease | See HYPERTHYOIDISM. |
| Growth hormone | Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate the growth of bones and the body in general. Also called somatotropin. |
| Gynecologist | Specialist in the medical and surgical treatment of female disorders. |
| Gynecology | Study of female disorders. |
| Hair follicle | Pouch-like depression in the skin in which a hair develops. |
| Hair root | Part of the hair which growth occurs. |
| Hallucination | False sensory perception, such as hearing voices when none are present. |
| HDL | See HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN. |
| Heart | Hallow, muscular organ in the chest that pumps blood throughout the body. |
| Heart attach | See MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION. |
| Hemangioma | Tumor (benign) of blood vessels. |
| Hematemesis | Vomiting (-EMESIS) of blood (HEMAT/O-). |
| Hematologist | Specialist in blood and blood disorders. |
| Hematology | Study of blood. |
| Hematoma | Mass or collection of blood under the skin. Commonly called a bruise or "black-and-blue" mark. |
| Hematuria | Abnormal condition of blood in the urine. |
| Hemigastrectomy | Removal of half the tongue. |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis of one side of the body. |
| Hemodialysis | Use of a kidney machine to filter blood to remove waste materials such as urea. Blood leaves the body, enters the machine, and is carried back to the body through a catheter (tube). |
| Hemoglobin | Oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells. |
| Hemoptysis | Spitting up (-PTYSIS) of blood (HEM/O). |
| Hemorrhage | Bursting forth of blood. |
| Hemothorax | Collection of blood in the chest (pleural cavity). |
| Hepatic | Pertaining to the liver. |
| Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver. Viral hepatitis is an acute infectious disease caused by at least three different viruses: Hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. |
| Hepatoma | Tumor (malignant) of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| Hepatomegaly | Enlargement of the liver. |
| Hernia | Bulge or protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity the usually contains it. In an INGUINAL hernia, part of the wall of the abdomen weakens and the intestine bulges outward or into the scrotal sac (in males). |
| Herpes genitalis | Chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by type 2 herpes simplex virus. |
| Hiatal hernia | Upward protrusion of the wall of the stomach into the lower part of the esophagus. |
| High-density lipoprotein | Combination of fat and protein in the blood. It carries cholesterol to the liver, which is beneficial. |
| Hilum | Depression at that part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter. |
| HIV | See HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS. |
| Hodgkin disease | Malignant tumor of lymph nodes. |
| Hormone | Chemical made by a gland and sent directly into the bloodstream, not to the outside of the body. ENDOCRINE GLANDS produce hormones. |
| Human immunodeficiency virus | Virus that infect white blood cells (T cell lymphocytes), causing damage to the patient's immune system. HIV is the cause of AIDS. |
| Humerus | Upper arm bone. |
| Hydrocele | Swelling of the SCROTUM caused by a collection of fluid within the outermost covering of the TESTIS. |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | High levels of bilirubin (pigment released from hemoglobin breakdown and processed in the liver) in the blood stream. See JAUNDICE. |
| Hyperglycemia | Higher than normal levels of sugar in the blood. |
| Hyperparathyroidism. | Higher than normal level of parathyroid hormone in the blood. |
| Hyperplastic | Pertaining to excessive growth of normal cells in an organ. |
| Hypersecretion | High blood pressure. Essential hypertension has no known cause, but contributing factors are age, smoking, and heredity. Secondary hypertension is a symptom of other disorders such as kidney disease. |
| Hyperthyroidism | Excessive activity of the thyroid gland. |
| Hypertrophy | Enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part of the body as result of an increase in size of individual cells. |
| Hypochondriac | Pertaining to lateral regions of the upper abdomen beneath the lower ribs. Also, the term describes a person who has a chronic concern about his or her health and body functions. |
| Hypodermic | Pertaining to under or below the skin |
| Hypoglycemia | Blood condition of decreased sugar (lower than normal levels). |
| Hypophyseal | Pertaining to the pituitary gland. |
| Hypopituitarism | Decrease or stoppage of hormonal secretion by the pituitary gland. |
| Hypoplastic | Pertaining to underdevelopment of a tissue or organ in the body. |
| Hyposecretion | Less than normal amount of production of a substance. |
| Hypotensive | Pertaining to low blood pressure or to a person with abnormally low blood pressure. |
| Hypothyroidism | Lower than normal activity of the thyroid gland. |
| Hysterectomy | Excision of the uterus, either through the abdominal wall (abdominal hysterectomy) or through the vagina (vaginal hysterectomy). |
| Hysteroscopy | Visual examination of the uterus with an endoscope inserted through the vagina. |
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