Chapter 8
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Created by:
alanreavis on September 22, 2010
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Nativism | 19th Century movement opposed to immigrants and foreigners. |
| Know-Nothings | 19th century nativist political party. |
| Charles Finney | Second Great Awakening- insisted people control their own fate, denounced alcohol and slavery |
| Second Great Awakening | was the second great religious revival in United States history and consisted of renewed personal salvation experienced in revival meetings. |
| Reform Era | Period of US history between 1830 and 1860 when citizens tried to eliminate imperfections in American society. |
| temperance movement | campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages |
| Horace Mann | United States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education |
| Dorothea Dix | Rights activist on behalf of mentally ill patients - created first wave of US mental asylums |
| Transcendentalist movement | US literary movement that emphasized nature, self-reliance, and greater understanding. |
| Ralph Waldo Emerson | United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882) |
| Henry David Thoreau | A transcendentalist who wrote the essay "Civil Disobedience" which outlined his protest to the Mexican American war. This essay later influenced non-violent protests by Gandhi and M.L. King Jr. |
| utopian movement | 1820 - 1860, more than 100,000 people searched for alternative lifestyles and the perfect society. |
| tenements | Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived |
| Martin Van Buren | became president as the country was entering the Panic of 1837; made the situation worse by continuing Jackson's policy of favoring hard currency |
| cult of domesticity | emphasizing the role of good homemaker, it made the home a woman's special sphere |
| Seneca Falls Convention | convention held in 1848 to argue for womens rights |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | A prominent advocate of women's rights, Stanton organized the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention with Lucretia Mott |
| Lucretia Mott | Quaker women's rights advocate who also strongly supported abolition of slavery |
| free blacks | African Americans who were free rather than slaves at the time that slavery still existed in the United States |
| Nat Turner | Leader of a slave rebellion in 1831 in Virginia. Revolt led to the deaths of 20 whites and 40 blacks and led to the "gag rule' outlawing any discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives |
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