AP Euro 400-408
About this set
Created by:
benmackay on September 22, 2010
Subjects:
17th century european kingdoms
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Witchcraft in the 16th/17th centuries | distinguished by increased number of trials and executions |
| Reasons for witchcraft craze | religious uncertainties, old women as scapegoats, belief in natural inferiority of women |
| Thirty years war dates | 1618-1648 |
| Thirty years war causes | "last of the religious wars", power struggle between Bourbons (France), Hapsburgs (Spain + Holy Roman Empire) |
| Thirty years war phases | Bohemian, Danish, Swedish, Franco-Swedish |
| Bohemian phase | Started over Catholic (Ferdinand) vs Protestant rulers |
| Danish phase | Began when Christian IV tried to help the Protestant side by leading an army into northern Germany |
| Christian IV | defeated by Wallenstein thus ending the supremacy of the Danish in the Baltic |
| Swedish phase | Marked by Gustavus Adolphus reviving Sweden as a great power. He and Wallenstein were both killed (on opposite sides) |
| Gustavus Adophus | Swedish King...military genius...devout Lutheran |
| Franco-Swedish phase | religion not as important...French beat Spanish bringing an end to Spanish military greatness |
| Thirty years war ended by | Peace of Westphalia |
| Peace of Westphalia terms | 1. ensured that all German states (including Calvinist ones) could choose their own religion 2. France gained parts of Western Germany including Alsace 3. end to unity of Holy Roman empire 4. ensured German disunity for 200 more years 5. Made it clear that religion and politics were entirely separate 6. destructive to the German states economies |
| military revolution (1560-1650) | 1. led by changes made by Gustavus Adolphus 2. increased use of firearms and cannons, greater flexibility and mobility 3. standing armies based on conscription 4. heavier taxes |
| Examples of rebellion | Portugal and Catalonia against Spain, English Revolution |
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