Earth Science, chapter 11
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57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ozone | a gas that exists in the stratosphere that absorbs UV radiation from the sun |
| Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere | What are the 5 layer of the atmosphere in order from bottom to top? |
| troposphere | where is most of the atmosphere's mass found? |
| weather | what takes place in the troposphere? |
| altitude increases, temperature decreases | troposphere's altitude and temperature |
| stratosphere | what layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone? |
| stratosphere | where do planes fly? |
| altitude increases, temperature increases | stratosphere's altitude and temperature |
| altitude increases, temperature decreases | mesosphere's altitude and temperature |
| altitude increases, temperature increases | Thermosphere's altitude and temperature |
| because there is no ozone to absorb heat | why is the mesosphere so cold? |
| mesosphere | what is the coldest layer of the atmosphere? |
| thermosphere | which layer contains only a minute portion of the atmosphere's mass? |
| thermosphere | what is the atmosphere's hottest layer? |
| ionosphere | what is contained in the thermosphere? |
| transmits radio waves | what is the ionosphere? |
| Radiation | transfer of energy through energy waves |
| conduction | transfer of energy by direct contact |
| convection | transfer of energy by the flow of heated substance |
| temperature | a measurement of how rapidly or slowly molecules move around |
| heat | the transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another, occurs because difference in temperature between substances |
| condensation | the process of changing from a gas to a liquid |
| lifted condensation level | height at which condensation occurs |
| temperature inversion | atmospheric condition in which warm air traps cooler air near the earth's surface |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air |
| relative humidity | The ratio of the amount of water in the air at a give temperature to the maximum amount it could hold at that temperature |
| condensation nuclei | small particles in the atmosphere around which cloud droplets can form |
| orographic lifting | cloud formation that occurs when warm moist air is forced to rise up the side of a mountain |
| precipitation | the falling to earth of any form of water (rain or snow or hail or sleet or mist) |
| stability | the ability of an air mass to resist |
| latent heat | stored heat |
| water cycle | the continuous process by which water moves from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back |
| evaporation | the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
| melting | solid to liquid at a specific temperature, energy taken in |
| Freezing | liquid to solid at a specific temperature, energy released |
| evaporation | liquid to gas, energy taken in |
| boiling | liquid to gas at a specific temperature, energy taken in |
| condensation | gas to liquid at a specific temperature, energy released |
| sublimation | solid to gas (gas to solid), energy taken in |
| by the unequal heating of earth's surface | how is wind formed? |
| by where it's blowing from | how is wind named? |
| yes | does water absorb heat slower? |
| because of specific heat | why does water absorb heat slower? |
| specific heat | amount of heat required to increase the temperature of water |
| dew point | the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and condensation begins |
| direct relationship | something stays the same |
| inverse relationship | something changes |
| cumulus | puffy, fluffy, "care bear" clouds |
| stratus | streak like, layer, cover the whole sky |
| cirrus | high altitude, wispy, stringy clouds, usually contain ice crystals |
| strato | low level |
| alto | middle level |
| cirro | high clouds |
| melting, evaporation, boiling, sublimation | energy taken in |
| freezing, condensation | energy is released |
| stable air | resists rising, warmer than the surface/air below it |
| unstable air | air rises because the warmer air is trapped under cool air |
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