Immunology
About this set
Created by:
butterfly121278 on September 24, 2010
Subjects:
Description:
Antigen Presentation to T-lymphocytes
Antigen processing and presentation
Variability of MHC between humans
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Review of MHC 3-12 | MHC I presents antigens to cytotoxic T-cells, which have CD8 MHC I is expressed by nucleated cells MHC II presents antigens to helper T-cells, which have CD4 MHC II is expressed by APCs |
| Review of T-cell Function 3-11 | ... |
| Cellular compartments: cytosol and vesicular (endomembrane) system 5-1 | ... |
| Pathogens in various cellular compartments 5-2 | ... |
| MHC I antigens are derived from cytosol 3-17, 5-3, 5-4 | Proteasome chops up proteins to peptides TAP moves peptides into ER where MHC I is being folded TAP-1 and TAP-2 Mutation leads to MHC I deficiency Proteasome with proteasome activator |
| Ubiquitin | Small protein that is bonded to proteins that the cell wants to degrade everything |
| MHC I is loaded in the ER 5-5, 5-7 | ... |
| Retrograde translocation | Proteins from inside the ER are carried to the cytosol Gets rid of misfolded proteins Allows transmembrane proteins to be chopped up and presented in MHC I |
| Sneaky ways viruses get around MHC I 5-6 | ... |
| Comparing loading of MHC type I and II 3-19 | ... |
| Proteins degraded to peptides in endosomes/lysosomes 5-8 | MHC II is carried to these peptides |
| MHC II needs a peptide "placeholder" before it gets its real peptide 5-9, 5-11 | Invariant chain targets MHC II to endosome where peptides are waiting. Proteases in endosome cleave down to CLIP (the placeholder) Without HLA-DM, peptides can't be loaded |
| MHC and the human genome 5-14 | Human MHC is also called HLA Each person has multiple MHC genes on each chromosome (grouped together) and alleles are codominant Different MHCs tend to bind different antigens, so more genes means more diversity of antigen presentation Polymorphism: There is a high level of diversity of alleles in the human population |
| Polymorphism and polygeny 5-15, 5-16 | ... |
| Variation tends to be clustered at binding sites 5-18 | ... |
| So why all the variation? 5-20 | Presentation of some antigens is restricted to certain MHCs Some TCRs will only recognize certain MHCs |
| Alloreactive T cells 5-21 | In transplants without MHC matching, T-cells have not been "weeded" against foreign MHCs |
| Superantigens bind non-matching MHC / TCR pairs 5-22 | ... |
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