| Term | Definition |
| dynamic character | a character who changes |
| static character | a character who stays the same |
| irony of situation | unexpected |
| dramatic irony | reader knows something a character does not |
| characterization | how a character is portrayed |
| setting | the time and place of the story |
| alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds |
| paradox | statement that sound contradictory but has truth to it |
| oxymoron | two opposite ideas placed side by side |
| genre | type of literary work |
| theme | message or main idea |
| tone | author's attitude |
| mood | atmosphere in a literary work |
| hyperbole | extreme exaggeration |
| motif | repeated quote, idea or concept |
| rhetorical question | a question asked merely for effect |
| exposition | beginning of a story where characters are introduced |
| foil | characters with opposite characteristics |
| allusion | a reference to a famous work of literature or person |
| foreshadowing | hints of what is to come |
| flashback | interruption in a story to go back into the past |
| figurative language | language that is not to be taken literally |
| imagery | language that appeals to the senses |
| stanza | a division in a poem |
| symbol | an object that stands for or represents something else |
| simile | a comparison using like or as |
| metaphor | a direct comparison, not using like or as |
| onomatopoeia | "buzz" "pop" "hiss" |
| first person point of view | the narrator is a character in the story, using "I" |
| protagonist | main character |
| antagonist | person who struggles against the main character |
| external conflict | a conflict with an outside source |
| internal conflict | a conflict a character has within himself |
| euphemism | a nicer, milder way of saying something |
| microcosm | a mini universe |