5 Written Questions

1. any separation of charge into distinct positive and negative regions
2. used to build larger molecules that are the structural and functional parts of cells.
3. dissolves easily in water.
4. an organelle of endomembrane system; enzymes inside its much-folded membrane modify new polypeptide chains and lipids; the products are sorted and packaged in vesicles for transport.
5. a type of eukaryotic heterotroph; can be multicelled or single-celled.

5 Matching Questions

1. base
2. DNA
3. protist
4. denature
5. cellulose

1. a deoxyribonucleic acid. Information in its base sequence is the basis of an organism's form and function.
2. b informal name for eukaryotes that are not plants, fungi, or animals.
3. c accepts hydrogen ions as it dissolves in water
4. d glucose chains stretched side by side and hydrogen-bonded to one another in a tightly bundled pattern, making it them able to resist hydrolysis by most enzymes. Cell walls in plants are made of these.
5. e to unravel the three-dimensional shape of a protein or other macromolecule, as by high temperature or pH.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. in many plant cells, a fluid-filled organelle that stores amino acids, sugars, and some wastes.
   1. central vacuole
   2. denature
   3. cell wall
   4. cellulose
2. members of the prokaryotic domain Bacteria; the most diverse and most ancient prokaryotic lineage.
   1. cellulose
   2. nucleolus
   3. cells
   4. fungi
3. any molecule of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a 1:2:1 ratio. Main kinds are monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
   1. prokaryote
   2. polarity
   3. carbohydrate
   4. eukaryote
4. a type of cell that starts life with a nucleus.
   1. prokaryote
   2. eukaryote
   3. sucrose
   4. phosphate
5. ribonucleic acid. Type of nucleic acid that is typically single-stranded; important for transcription and translation; some are catalytic.
   1. acid
   2. ATP
   3. RNA
   4. cells

5 True/False Questions

1. lipid → a fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound.

   True        False

2. protein → a protein found in hair, nails, hooves, etc.

   True        False

3. oligosaccharide → a short chain of covalently bonded sugar monomers.

   True        False

4. starch → ribonucleic acid. Type of nucleic acid that is typically single-stranded; important for transcription and translation; some are catalytic.

   True        False

5. keratin → an organic compound that consists of one or more polypeptide chains.

   True        False