Chapter 5: Ancient Roman Republic)
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Created by:
Joshua_Woods on September 26, 2010
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38 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Mare Nostrum |  "our sea" This was what the Romans called the Mediterranean sea because they felt it belonged to them. |
| ager publicas | "public land" government owned land issued to the poor farmers. |
| cursus honorum | "course of honor". One followed the stages of this if one wished to gain honor. |
| imperium | Right to command an army |
| mos maiorum | "ways better". The ways of the ancestors that were considered the best ways. |
| res novae | "new things" considered bad |
| patria potestas | "father power" Father had absolute power over wife. |
| extispicium | Cutting open sacrafices and looking at spilled organs for signs. |
| amicitia | friendship. Ex.amigo,amicable |
| Tarquinius Superbus | 530 B.C.-509 B.C.-Last(7th) Etruscan king before formation of the republic in 509 B.C. |
| Hannibal | General who led the Carthaginians in the 2nd Punic War. |
| Tiberius Gracchus | 133 B.C.-Tribune of the Plebs that went around Senate to pass a law that limited the amount of public land wealthy Romans could have. |
| Gaiuss Gracchus | Brother of Tiberius Gracchus who passed several reforms to help poor farmers |
| Marius | 105-86 B.C.- Instituted terrible reforms that caused armies to be loyal to people, not countries. |
| Sulla | 88-80 B.C.- Consul that ran Marius out and manipulated government for himself. |
| Pompey | 106-48 BC-Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered |
| Julius Caesar | 60-44 B.C.- Ruler that came to rome and declared himself dictator for life but was assassinated by gang |
| Antony | Second in command to Julius Caesar who took control after his death. |
| Octavian | Formed Second Triumvirate in 43BC with Antony and Lepidus after Caesar's death,reduced power of the Senate, began a period known as Pax Romana or Roman Peace |
| Battle at Cannae | 216 B.C.- Roman Consuls Varro and Paullus confronted Hannibal and lost. |
| Battle at Zama | 202 B.C.- Battle that marked the Romans' winning of the 2nd Punic War |
| Battle at Colline | 82 B.C.- Sulla came back to regain power over Rome, won and declared himself dictator for life. |
| patricians | Prestigious Roman families. |
| plebians | everyone who was not a patrician |
| secession | Breaking away from , formal separation from an alliance or federation |
| consul | Highest rank in the cursus honorum. Chief general over Romean republic. There were two of them. |
| praetor | Step before consulship in cursus honorum. Were judicial officers. |
| aedile | 2nd (not mandatory) step in the cursus honorum. Public works officials. |
| quaestors | 1st step in the cursus honorum. Treasurers |
| censor | Past consuls. Take census and create demographics |
| dictator | Office in the republic that was only used in emergency. Terms were only 6 months. |
| Tribune of the Plebs | Advocate for the Plebians with veto power over magistrates |
| senate | Advisory body over republic that had no force of law but had real authority. |
| Assemblies | Voting meetings of citizen body |
| Comitia Centuriata | elects magg and decides war and peace |
| Comitia Tributa | Legislates and elects quaestors |
| Concilium Plebis | legislates, elects tribunes and the plebian aedile. |
| veto | Overrule. |
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