nRobinson Unit 2
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Created by:
natalierobinson on September 27, 2010
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Demography | the study of patterns and rates of population change, including birth and death rates, migration trends, and evolving population distribution patterns. |
| Cencus | a periodic and official count of a countrys population |
| population density | a measurement of the number of people per given unit of land |
| Arithmetic population density | the population of a country or region expressed as an average per unit. |
| Physiologic population density | the number of people per unit area of arable land |
| Age-sex pyramid | graphic representation of a population according to age and sex. |
| Crude birth rate | the amount of births |
| crude death rate | the amount of deaths |
| Infant mortality | describes the number of babies that die within the first year of their lives |
| Total fertility rate | aversge of number of children born to a woman during her lifetime, as expressed for a total population. |
| Demographic transition | based on western europes expeirience of changes in population growth exhibited by countries undergoing industrialization . |
| Doubling time | the time required for a population to double in size. |
| Exponential growth | cumulative or compound growth over a given time period |
| Natural increase | population growth measured as the excess of live births over deaths per 1000 individuals per year |
| Population explosion | the rapid growth of the worlds human population during the past centry. |
| Stationary population level | the level at which a national population ceases to grow. |
| Absolute direction | a compass direction such as north or south |
| Absolute distance | the physical distance between two points usually measured in miles or kilometers |
| Relative distance | distance measurment not in linear terms such as miles or kilometers but but in terms such as cost and time |
| Push factors | negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their abode and migrate to a new locale. |
| Pull factors | positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas |
| Activity (action) space | the space within which daily activity occurs |
| Cyclic movement | movement- for example, nomadic migration-- a closed route repeated annually or seasonally |
| Nomadism | movement among a definite set of places -- often cyclical movement. |
| Migration | a change in residence intended to be permanent |
| Emigration | a person migrating away from a country or area; an outmigrant |
| Forced migration | human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate. |
| Voluntary migration | population movement in which people relocate in response to percieved opportunity, not because they are forced to move. |
| Internal migration | migration flow within a nation-state such as ongoing westward and southward |
| External migration | migration across an international border |
| Interregional migration | migration flow involving movement across international boundaries. |
| Step migration | migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages |
| Intervening opportunity | the presence of a nearer opportunity that diminishes the attractivness of sites farther away |
| Distance decay | the various degenerative effects of distance on human spatial structures and interactions |
| Refugee | people who have been dislocated involuntarily from their original place of settlement |
| Temporary refugees | refugees encamped in a host country or host region while waiting for resettlement |
| Permanent refugees | refugees who have been substantially integrated into the host country or host region and who are thus seen as long-term visitors |
| International refugees | refugees who have crossed one or more international boundries during their dislocation and who now find themselves encamped in a different country |
| Intranational refugees | refugees who have abandoned their town or village but not their village |
| Eugenic population policy | government policy designed to favor one racial sector over others |
| Expansive population policy | gov. policy that encourages large families and raises the rate of population growth. |
| Restrictive population policy | government policy designed to reduce the rate of natural increase. |
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