5 Written Questions

1. Located in the groove between the esophagus and the trachea; motor supply to the laryngeal muscles which produce vocation; can be cut during surgery, causing the patient to become hoarse; if cut on both sides, can lose voice completely
2. Sympathetic fibers first exit spinal cord at the level of T1; preganglionic fibers travel up the trunk to snapse in the cervical ganglia and postganglionic fibers traverse out into the head and neck on blood vessels
3. Palpate and cut hole through cricothyroid membrane and inserts tube to establish airway; vocal cords are in danger
4. Travels superiorly to the base of the skull; no branches; more medial and posterior
5. Has motor, sensory, and sympathetic nerve fibers; mainly from C4, but C3 and C5 also contribute

5 Matching Questions

1. Superior Laryngeal Nerve
2. Tracheostomy
3. Common Carotid
4. Internal Laryngeal Nerve
5. Left common carotid

1. a Usually comes off of aortic arch; travels up the neck towards the brain
2. b A more permanent procedure; surgical procedure done to establish airway in patients with upper airway obstruction or respiratory failure. An opening is made in the trachea between the 2nd-3rd tracheal rings. A tracheal tube is then put in the trachea and secured. Danger in vocal cords, and in infants, the esophagus is vulnerable due to their soft trachea.
3. c No branches; usually bifurcates into internal and external carotid arteries at the thyroid (C4), but this is variable
4. d Consists of the external laryngeal nerve and the internal laryngeal nerve
5. e A sensory nerve that innervates the mucosa of larynx

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Thyroid gland blood supply
   1. Superior, middle, and inferior
   2. Superior and Inferior Laryngeal Nerves
   3. Superior and Middle Thyroid Veins
   4. Superior and inferior thyroid arteries
2. Runs laterally over the edge of the mandible across the face
   1. Facial Artery
   2. Tracheostomy
   3. Vertebral Artery
   4. Cricothyrotomy
3. Largest in cervical sympathetic trunk; good landmark for locating sympathetic trunk at C1,2 level; sympathetic trunk stops at the base of the skull at the superior cervical ganglion
   1. Sympathetic Trunk
   2. Inferior sympathetic ganglia
   3. Superior Thyroid
   4. Superior sympathetic ganglia
4. Branches off first part of subclavian artery that ascends through the foramina of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae
   1. Internal Carotid
   2. External Carotid
   3. Facial Artery
   4. Vertebral Artery
5. All drain toward the carotid sheath through deep cervical nodes; lymph feeds into the lymphatic trunk, which drains into the subclavian vein at junction of IJV
   1. Lymphatics
   2. Lingual
   3. Sympathetic Trunk
   4. Tracheostomy

5 True/False Questions

1. Carotid Body → Enlargement of the internal carotid artery; contains baroreceptors/pressuroreceptors that monitor blood pressure and react to changes in arterial blood pressure

   True        False

2. Thyroid Gland → Largest endocrine gland; sits at the base of the neck; bilobed with isthmus connection at 2rd-3rd tracheal ring; very vascular

   True        False

3. Superior Thyroid → More anterior and lateral; numerous branches for viscera of face, neck, and mouth; terminal branches are the maxillary and superficial temporal artery

   True        False

4. Lingual → All drain toward the carotid sheath through deep cervical nodes; lymph feeds into the lymphatic trunk, which drains into the subclavian vein at junction of IJV

   True        False

5. Right common carotid → Usually comes off of aortic arch; travels up the neck towards the brain

   True        False